碳纳米管增强Al基复合材料界面调控及性能研究进展

Research Progress on the Interface Regulation and Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Al Matrix Composites

碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料因其质量轻、强度高和良好的抗腐蚀性而受到特别关注,有望成为新一代结构功能一体化复合材料。碳纳米管和铝基体间形成良好界面结合是充分利用碳纳米管的优异本征性能并制备出高性能碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的关键。但碳纳米管和铝基体之间存在显著的物理化学性质差异,两者界面结合弱,如何通过界面结构调控来提升碳纳米管和铝基体间界面结合强度一直是国内外该领域研究的焦点,也已取得显著进展。基于此,本文综述了国内外碳纳米管和铝基体间界面结构的调控方法,详细论述了原位界面反应、碳纳米管表面包覆碳化物/氧化物、碳纳米管表面包覆金属、碳纳米管氧化处理等主要的界面调控方法。分析了不同界面结构调控方法的特点及其对界面结合状态和材料力学性能的影响,最后总结了现有界面调控方法存在的问题,并展望了未来在铝及其合金基体中碳纳米管和铝基体界面结构调控的发展方向。

Carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composites have attracted special attention due to their lightweight,high strength,and high corrosion resistance,and are expected to become a new generation of structure-function integrated composites.The formation of a good bonding interface between carbon nanotubes and the aluminum matrix is the key to making full use of the excellent intrinsic properties of carbon nanotubes to prepare carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composites with high performance.However,there are significant differences in the physical and chemical properties between carbon nanotubes and the aluminum matrix,and their interface bonding is weak.How to improve the interface bonding strength between carbon nanotubes and aluminum matrix through interface structure regulation has always been the research focus of researchers in this field at home and abroad,and significant progress has been made thus far.Accordingly,the regulation methods for the interface structure between carbon nanotubes and the aluminum matrix are reviewed in this paper.In particular,the main interface control methods such as in situ interface reaction,coating carbide/oxide on the surface of carbon nanotubes,coating metal on the surface of carbon nanotubes,and carbon nanotube oxidation treatment are discussed in detail.The characteristics of different interface structure regulation methods and their effects on the interface bonding state and properties of composites are analysed,and the existing problems of these interface regulation methods are summarized.Finally,this paper closes by looking ahead to the development direction of interface structure regulation between carbon nanotubes and the aluminum matrix in aluminum or aluminum alloy.