不同事故致因模型中原因定义的比较研究

Comparative Study on the Definition of Causes in Different Accident Causal Models

为探究不同事故致因模型对事故原因的定义和对事故分析结果的影响,选取4种事故致因模型,梳理模型中关于直接原因、间接原因、根本原因和根源原因方面的内容,并以内蒙古自治区赤峰宝马矿业有限责任公司“12.3”特别重大瓦斯爆炸事故为例,分别用4种事故致因模型进行原因分析,获得不同事故致因模型分析结果之间的差异。结果表明:4种事故致因模型在直接原因方面具有一定的重合,多米诺骨牌模型、瑞士奶酪模型和卓越安全管理模型由于信息缺失和模型中部分定义不明确,导致部分分析结果难以呈现,事故致因“2-4”模型对各部分事故原因的定义更为明确,可以使事故分析工作变得简单、有序,为事故分析工作提供理论支持。

In order to explore the definition of accident causes by different accident causal models and their impact on the results of accident analysis,four accident causal models were selected to sort out the contents of the models in terms of direct causes,indirect causes,fundamental causes and root causes.Taking the"12.3"extremely serious gas explosion accident of Chifeng Baoma in Inner Mongolia as an example,four accident causal models were used for cause analysis to obtain the differences between the analysis results of different accident causal models.The results indicate that the four accident causal models have some overlap in terms of direct causes.The Domino model,Swiss Cheese model,and model of Managing for Outstanding Safety are difficult to present some analysis results due to lack of information and unclear definitions in some mod-els.24Model has a clearer definition of each part of the accident cause,which can make accident analysis work simple and orderly,provide theoretical support for accident analysis work.