橡胶树野生种质资源产量相关性状的灰色关联度分析

Grey Relational Analysis on Yield-Related Traits of Wild Germplasm Resources of Hevea brasiliensis

【目的】天然橡胶是重要的工业原料和战略物资,在国民经济发展中具有十分重要的地位和作用,属资源约束性产业,其主要来源于巴西橡胶树,在已知的产胶植物中以橡胶树的产胶量最高,质量最好。巴西橡胶树以收获胶乳为主要经济产出,胶乳产量是受微效多基因控制的数量性状,影响因素较多,其表型值受遗传效应和环境效应影响,为全面了解橡胶树野生种质资源产量与主要相关农艺性状的关系,对橡胶树干胶产量及主要农艺性状进行研究,以期为橡胶树种质资源鉴定评价筛选以及新品种选育种研究提供科学依据。【方法】采用灰色关联度分析法,对种植于中国热带农业科学院试验场红星队的13份橡胶树野生种质资源产量及生长等相关农艺性状进行研究分析。【结果】与株次干胶产量相关的8个主要农艺性状的关联顺序为茎围>干胶含量>平均乳管个数>平均乳管列数>树皮厚度>茎围增长>侧脉胶等级>胶值比,对应权重分别为茎围0.1380、干胶含量0.1338、平均乳管个数0.1322、平均乳管列数0.1264、树皮厚度0.1205、茎围增长0.1182、侧脉胶等级0.1178、胶值比0.1143。综上,茎围、干胶含量、乳管数目、树皮厚度等性状与干胶产量的关联度较密切,对株次干胶产量影响较大。【结论】在橡胶树种质资源鉴定评价中,应以茎围、干胶含量、乳管数量等性状为重点,并兼顾其他性状对产量的潜在影响。

【Objective】Natural rubber is an important industrial raw materials and strategic materials,and played a very important role in national economic development.As a resource constraint industry,it was mainly produced by Brazilian rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis)and it has the highest yield and the best quality among the mankind known rubberproducing plants.Harvesting latex is the main economic purpose of Brazilian rubber tree,latex yield is a quantitative trait controlled by minorgene,with many influencing factors,and its phenotypic value is affected by heredity and environmental effect.To determine the relationship among the yield and agronomic traits of the wild germplasm resources of Hevea brasiliensis,this study provides a scientific basis for the evaluation and screening of rubber tree germplasm resources and the selection and breeding of new varieties.【Method】The yield,growth and other related agronomic traits of 13 wild germplasm resources of Hevea brasiliensis planted in the experimental field of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences(CATAS)were studied and analyzed by grey relational analysis.【Result】The results showed that the association order of the eight main agronomic traits related to the dry rubber yield per plant were stem girth,dry rubber c ontent,average number of laticifer cells,average number of laticifer columns,bark thickness,mean stem girth increment,lateral vein latex grade and gum value ratio,and the weights of each trait were 0.1380,0.1338,0.1322,0.1264,0.1205,0.1182,0.1178,0.1143.In summary,stem girth,dry rubber content,quantity of laticifers bark thickness and other traits are closely related to and have a great impact on dry rubber yield per plant.【Conclusion】Among the main agronomic traits,the stem girth,dry rubber content and quantity of laticifer should be paid more attention on the evaluation of rubber tree germplasm resources,at the same time the potential impact of other traits on yield also need to be laid some stress on.