社区共同体视域下的行政与自治关系重塑

Reshaping the relationship between urban community administration and self-governance

“行政”与“自治”是城市社区治理中的一对基本关系,也是基层治理系统的重要组成部分。长期以来,城市社区承担着“基层行政组织”和“基层群众性自治组织”的双重职能,行政事务冗余而自治功能弱化。“去行政化”强调“行政”与“自治”的二元分治,其在城市社区治理体制改革实践过程中面临社区居委会困境和社区自治建构困境。着眼于基层治理现代化与构建“社区治理共同体”双重目标,城市社区减负的方向应是治理主体资源的最优分配和治理功能的实现,进而推动“行政”与“自治”的互促共生。赋能社区居委会和联结社区多元主体需要国家行政权的适当介入,故提出“契合行政”理念,认为应从主体、功能、利益三个维度推动行政力量与自治力量契合,从而建成人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社区治理共同体。

“Administration” and “autonomy” is basic relationship in urban community governance, and important part of the grassroots governance system. For a long time, urban communities have played the dual role of “grassroots administrative organization” and “grassroots mass self-governance organization”, with redundant administrative affairs and weakened self-governance functions. The “de-administration” emphasizes the binary separation of administration and autonomy, has become the keynote of the reform of urban community governance system in the early days, and five models have been formed: separate residence and station, abolishing streets and strengthening communities, administrative access, linking three communities and quasi-market social organizations. However, in the process of practice, we still face the dilemma of “community neighborhood committee” and “community autonomy construction”. Focusing on the dual goals of modernizing grassroots governance and building a “social community”, the logic of reducing the burden of urban communities should be the optimal allocation of resources and the realization of the governance function of governance subjects, focusing on the mutual promotion and symbiosis of administration and autonomy. Therefore, this paper proposes the concept of “ integration with administration ” and believes that the “administrative power” and “autonomous power” should be fit from three levels: subject, function and interest. So as to build a community governance community in which everyone is responsible, everyone is responsible, and everyone enjoys.