中国参与北极区域公共产品供给:动因、挑战与路径

China's Provision of Regional Public Goods in the Arctic:Motivations,Challenges and Routes

作为负责任大国以及北极利益攸关方,中国积极参与北极区域公共产品供给。中国的供给行为主要有三个动因:获取预期收益、填补北极强烈的公共产品需求以及应对北极事务的负外部性。然而,中国的供给行为也面临着霸权国的外部压力、北极场域的内生性阻力以及自身供给能力不足等挑战。中国已经在推进北极基础设施互联互通、深度参与北极环境气候治理以及开展常态化的科研活动等方面作出贡献,未来应依托“冰上丝绸之路”不断丰富北极区域产品的供给品类及供给渠道。

As a responsible power and an important stakeholder in Arctic affairs,China has always been actively involved in the provision of public goods.The main drivers of public goods provision include:obtaining the prospective benefits;meeting the rising demands for public goods in the Arctic region;and coping with the negative externalities of Arctic affairs.However,China's supply behaviors have also faced challenges from the external pressure of the hegemonic power,the effects of endogenous resistances in the Arctic,and the inefficiency of capacity.China has provided public goods through various ways,such as advancing the interconnectivity of infrastructure in the Arctic,deep involvement in Arctic environmental and climate governance and organizing routine scientific research activities.In the future,China should continue to enrich the supply system of public goods in the Arctic through the"Polar Silk Road".