8986例儿童7种呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果分析

Analysis of 8,986 Children with 7 Kinds of Respiratory Virus Antigen Test Result

目的:了解南宁地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒谱和流行病学特征。方法:采用直接免疫荧光法对2019年6月—2022年5月在南宁市妇幼保健院住院的8986例急性呼吸道感染患儿进行7种呼吸道病毒抗原检测,并对其结果进行分析。结果:8986例患儿中呼吸道病毒检出阳性2414例,阳性率为26.86%,其中单一病毒感染2390例,混合2种病毒感染24例。7种病毒阳性率由高到低分别为:呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)(16.89%)、副流感病毒3型(PIV3)(3.46%)、副流感病毒1型(PIV1)(2.20%)、腺病毒(ADV)(2.07%)、流感病毒A型(Flu A)(1.34%)、流感病毒B型(Flu B)(0.85%)、副流感病毒2型(PIV2)(0.32%)。不同年龄段患儿病毒检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);<1岁组、≥1岁且<3岁组患儿病毒检出率均明显高于≥3岁且<6岁组、6~14岁组,以RSV的检出率最高。下呼吸道感染的病毒检出率明显高于急性上呼吸道感染的病毒检出率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。四季中夏季(33.24%)病毒检出率最高,其次为秋季(28.83%)、冬季(28.79%),与春季(12.81%)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且均以RSV的检出率最高。结论:RSV是南宁地区儿童呼吸道病毒感染的主要病原体,3岁以下儿童检出率最高,常以下呼吸道感染为主,夏季为感染的高发季节。

Objective:To understand virus spectrum and epidemiologic feature of acute respiratory tract infection in children in Nanning area.Method:Direct immunofluorescence method was used to detect 7 kinds of respiratory virus antigens in 8,986 children with acute respiratory tract infection hospitalized in Nanning Maternity and Child Health Hospital from June 2019 to May 2022,and the results were analyzed.Result:Among the 8,986 children,2,414 cases(26.86%)were positive for respiratory virus,including 2,390 cases of single virus infection and 24 cases of mixed 2 viruses infection.The positive rates of 7 viruses from high to low respectively was:respiratory syncy-tial virus(RSV)(16.89%),parainfluenza virus type 3(PIV3)(3.46%),parainfluenza virus type 1(PIV1)(2.20%),adenovirus(ADV)(2.07%),influenza virus type A(Flu A)(1.34%),influenza virus type B(Flu B)(0.85%),parainfluenza virus type 2(PIV2)(0.32%).The detection rate of virus in children of different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.001).The detection rate of virus in<1 year old group,≥1 year old and<3 years old group were significantly higher than those in≥3 years old group,<6 years old and 6-14 years old group,and the detection rate of RSV was the highest.The detection rate of virus of lower respiratory tract infection was significantly higher than that of acute upper respiratory infection,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Among the four seasons,the detection rate of virus in summer(33.24%)was the highest,followed by autumn(28.83%)and winter(28.79%),the differences were statistically significant compared with spring(12.81%)(P<0.001),and the detection rate of RSV was the highest.Conclusion:RSV is the main pathogen of respiratory virus infection in children in Nanning area,and the detection rate of RSV is the highest in children under 3 years old,the lower respiratory tract infection is the main infection,and summer is the high season for infection.