早期口腔运动联合常规喂养在早产儿中的应用效果

Application effects of early oral movement combined with routine feeding in premature infants

目的:观察早期口腔运动联合常规喂养在早产儿中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年3月该院收治的96例早产儿进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各48例。对照组实施常规喂养,观察组在对照组基础上实施早期口腔运动,两组均持续干预4周。比较两组经口喂养进程(首次经口喂养纠正胎龄、完全经口喂养纠正胎龄)、经口喂养表现[完全经口喂养熟练度、首次经口喂养速率、完全经口喂养速率]、干预前后经口喂养耐受性评分、喂养不耐受发生率和家长满意度。结果:观察组首次经口喂养纠正胎龄、完全经口喂养纠正胎龄均早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组首次经口喂养速率、完全经口喂养速率、完全经口喂养熟练度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组纠正胎龄、行为、非营养性吸吮1 min、口型、口腔反射评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组喂养不耐受发生率为4.17%(2/48),低于对照组的16.67%(8/48),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组家长满意度为95.83%(46/48),高于对照组的81.25%(39/48),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期口腔运动联合常规喂养应用于早产儿可加快喂养进程,改善喂养表现,提高经口喂养耐受性,降低喂养不耐受发生率,提高家长满意度,效果优于单纯常规喂养。

Objective:To observe application effects of early oral movement combined with routine feeding in premature infants.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 96 premature infants admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to March 2022.They were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,48 cases in each group.The control group was given routine feeding,while the observation group was given early oral movement on the basis of that of the control group.Both groups were continuously intervened for 4 weeks.The oral feeding process(first oral feeding corrected gestational age,complete oral feeding corrected gestational age),the oral feeding performance(complete oral feeding proficiency first oral feeding rate,complete oral feeding rate),the oral feeding tolerance scores before and after the intervention,the incidence of feeding intolerance,and the parental satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The first oral feeding corrected gestational age and the complete oral feeding corrected gestational age in the observation group were earlier than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of first oral feeding rate,complete oral feeding rate and complete oral feeding proficiency in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the corrected gestational age,the behavior,the non-nutritive sucking for 1 min,the mouth type and the oral reflex score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of feeding intolerance in the observation group was 4.17%(2/48),which was lower than 16.67%(8/48)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the parental satisfaction in the observation group was 95.83%(46/48),which was higher than 81.25%(39/48)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Early oral movement combined with routine feeding for the preterm infants can accelerate the feeding process,improve the feeding performance,improve the oral feeding tolerance,reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance,and improve the parental satisfaction.Moreover,it is superior to single routine feeding.