1980—2020年汾河流域“三生空间”土地利用功能变化及其驱动力

Land use function change and its driving force of the“production⁃living⁃ecological”space in Fenhe River Basin from 1980 to 2020

分析国土“三生空间”土地利用功能变化及其驱动因素,对实现“三生空间”协调发展具有重要作用。本研究基于1980、1990、2000、2010和2020年土地利用遥感影像数据,利用土地利用动态度、转移矩阵、重心转移和地理探测器等方法,分析汾河流域“三生空间”变化规律,并探索其影响因素。结果表明:1980—2020年,流域内“三生空间”面积占比分别为生态空间>生产空间>生活空间,其中,生态空间和农业生产用地呈下降态势,分别减少72441.19、105882.96 hm^(2),而生活空间和工业生产用地表现为上升趋势,分别增加119503.02、58821.13 hm^(2)。“三生空间”土地利用变化差异明显,转出面积最大的地类是农业生产用地,占转出总面积的47.9%,2000—2010年工业生产用地最大转入面积是农业生产用地,占工业生产用地转入总面积的61.3%。城镇生活用地占农业生产用地现象主要分布在太原盆地各城区的边缘区,其中,太原市区的城镇生活用地增加表现为逐渐向南扩展态势。城镇生活用地和工业生产用地的重心迁移最明显,其中,城镇生活用地重心迁移表现出先向南再向北迁移的趋势,工业生产用地重心向北迁移显著。社会经济因子对流域“三生空间”土地利用变化影响程度明显强于自然因子,社会经济因子之间的交互作用对“三生空间”土地利用变化的解释力更强。研究结果将为理清“三生空间”土地利用变化关系和优化用地功能提供参考。

It is of importance to analyze land use function change and driving factors of the production⁃living⁃ecological space of national territory to realize the coordinated development.Based on land use remote sensing data in 1980,1990,2000,2010,and 2020,we used the methods of land use dynamics,transfer matrix,center of gravity shift and geographic detector to analyze the pattern of production⁃living⁃ecological space in Fenhe River Basin and explore the influencing factors.The results showed that the area proportion of production⁃living⁃ecological space in the basin was ecological space>production space>living space from 1980 to 2020.The ecological space and agricultural production land showed a decreasing trend,with a decrease of 72441.19 and 105882.96 hm2,respectively.The living space and industrial production land showed an upward trend,with an increase of 119503.02 and 58821.13 hm2,respectively.There was significant difference in the land use function change of production⁃livingecological space.Agricultural production land had the largest transferred area,accounting for 47.9%of the total.The largest transfer area of industrial land was agricultural land,which accounted for 61.3%of the total from 2000 to 2010.The occupation of agricultural land by urban living land was mainly distributed in the marginal area of various urban areas of Taiyuan Basin.Among them,the increasing area of urban living land in Taiyuan City showed a trend of gradual southward expansion.The center of gravity migration of urban land for living and industrial production land was the most obvious,and that for living showed the trend of first moving south and then moving north,while industrial production land moved northward significantly.The influence of social⁃economic factors on the land use change was obviously stronger than that of natural factors,while the interaction between social⁃economic factors had a stronger explanatory power.The results would provide reference for clarifying the relationship between land function transformation and optimizing land use function of production⁃living⁃ecological space.