高山桑黄挥发油超临界CO_(2)萃取工艺优化及其生物活性研究

Optimization of supercritical CO_(2) extraction process and biological activities of Sanghuangporus alpinus volatile oil

目的 优化高山桑黄Sanghuangporus alpinus挥发油的提取工艺,对其化学成分进行分析,并评价其生物活性。方法采用单因素试验和响应面法(RSM)优化超临界CO_(2)萃取高山桑黄挥发油的工艺条件;使用GC-MS、MTS和微量稀释方法鉴定挥发油的化学成分,并评估其体外抗炎、抗肿瘤和抗菌活性。结果 超临界CO_(2)萃取高山桑黄挥发油的最佳工艺条件为萃取温度47℃、萃取压力31 MPa、萃取时间1.5 h,在此条件下挥发油提取得率为(0.326±0.005)%。高山桑黄挥发油主要化学成分为四氯藜芦醚、1,2,4,5-四氯-3,6-二甲氧基苯、1,2,3,4-四氯-5-甲氧基-6-硝基苯、亚油酸乙酯、二十五烷。挥发油表现出显著的体外抗炎和抗肿瘤作用,但其抑菌活性不显著。结论 成功优化了高山桑黄挥发油的提取工艺,在最适条件下获得了较高的得率;结合体外模型与生物活性评价,可为高山桑黄的药物开发和资源利用提供价值参考。

Objective To optimize the extraction of volatile oil from Gaoshan Sanghuang(Sanghuangporus alpinus),analyze its constituents,and evaluate their biological activities.Methods According to the result of the single factor experiment,the supercritical CO_(2) extraction conditions of volatile oil from S.alpinus were optimized by the single factor test and response surface method(RSM).The chemical constituents,biological activities of anti-inflammatory in vitro,antitumor,and antibacterial of volatile oil were evaluated by GC-MS,MTS,and microdilution methods.Results The optimal conditions for extracting volatile oil were found to be 47 ℃ and 31 MPa pressure for 1.5 h.The yield obtained was(0.326 ± 0.005)%.The volatile oil of S.alpinus contains 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5,6-dimethoxy-benzene,1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5-methoxy-6-nitro-benzene,linoleic acid ethyl ester,and pentacosane.The volatile oil exhibited significant activities in vitro anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties.However,it showed no significant antibacterial activity.Conclusion The study successfully optimized the extraction of volatile oil from S.alpinus,resulting in a significantly high yield under the tested conditions.The integration of in vitro models and biological activities evaluation provides valuable insights for pharmaceutical development and resource utilization from S.alpinus.