论雅洪托夫二等字带-l/r-介音说不能成立

The Theory that Second Class Character in Ancient Chinese has L/R Medium Cannot be Established

苏联汉学家雅洪托夫提出上古汉语的二等字带有-l-介音的观点在学术界有很大影响。本文从十一个方面列举出证据论证了这个著名的音韵学观点不能成立。主要论证是:这个学术观点的逻辑不合音理;与联绵词的事实不合;与拟声拟态词不合;二等字多与一等字相通;二等字多与三等字相通;二等韵影母字从不与来母字相通;与西方历史语言学的音变规律不符合;与藏缅语言的音变规律不合;与古本音理论不合;藏语有复声母不能证明古汉语有复声母;汉藏关系词是借词不是同源词,汉藏民族之间自古有众多的文化交流。以上十一个方面的证据可以证明上古汉语的二等韵不带有-l-介音或-r-介音。

Yahontov,a sinologist of the former Soviet Union,put forward the idea that the second class characters in ancient Chinese has-l-medium,which has a great influence in the academic circles.This article provides evidences from eleven aspects to prove that this famous phonological viewpoint cannot be established.The main argument is that this academic view is not consistent with sound logics,the fact of combinatorial words,and the ideophone of onomatopoeia.The second class characters are mostly connected with the fi rst class characters;the second class characters are mostly connected with the third class characters;the second class rhyme Ying(影)initial characters are never connected with the Lai(来)initial characters.And they are not consistent with the sound change law of western historical linguistics,the sound change law of Tibetan and Burmese languages,and the ancient sound logics.The existence of initial consonant clusters in Tibetan cannot prove that ancient Chinese has an initial consonant clusters,and Sino-Tibetan relational words are borrowings rather than cognate.There have been many cultural exchanges between Han and Tibetan nationalities since ancient times.The above eleven aspects of evidences can prove that the second rhyme of ancient Chinese does not contain the-l-or-r-medium.