基于气候适应性的传统合院式乡土建筑热力学原型研究

Research on Building Thermodynamic Prototype of Traditional Courtyard based on Climate Adaptability

乡土建筑的热力学考古可以溯源到原始社会和古罗马时期,文章提出“乡土建筑热力学原型”的概念,建立“原型提取-性能分析”的设计分析方法,试图回应不同的气候需求和传统文化需求。以传统建筑的“合院空间”为例,结合生物气候图的研究,分析对应不同气候适应范围的合院空间热力学性能,包括“冷库”“热源”“光调节器”和“加湿器”四种性能类型。通过分类分析的方式,依据天井空间中的光、热和风的能量捕获、能量交换和能量梯度可以进一步进行原型验证和能量优化。

This paper puts forward the concept of"thermodynamic prototype of vernacular architecture",establishes a design analysis method from prototype extraction to performance analysis,and tries to respond to different climate needs and traditional cultural needs.Taking the"courtyard space"of traditional buildings as an example,combined with the bioclimatic map,the thermodynamic performance of the courtyard space corresponding to different climate adaptation ranges is analyzed,including cold storage,heat source,light regulator and humidifier.Through classified analysis,prototype verification and energy optimization can be further carried out according to the energy capture,energy exchange and energy gradient of light,heat and wind in the patio space.