四川省8所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士职业疲劳现状及影响因素分析

Study on status quo and influencing factors of occupational fatigue of oncology nurses ineight grade-A tertiary hospitals of Sichuan Province

目的 了解三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士职业疲劳现状及其相关影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样方法,在2022年4—6月采用职业疲劳复原量表、职业应对自效能量表和生命意义感量表为调查工具,对四川省8所三级甲等医院253名肿瘤科护士进行横断面调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 四川省253名三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士职业疲劳得分为(45.13±12.17)分,职业应对自我效能得分为(26.95±8.76)分,生命意义感得分为(32.72±10.28)分。不同婚姻状况、肿瘤科工龄、合同类别、每周平均加班时长、运动状况、睡眠质量、健康状况的肿瘤科护士职业疲劳得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同性别、肿瘤科工龄、教育水平、合同类别、月均夜班数、每周平均加班时长、运动状况、睡眠质量、健康状况的肿瘤科护士职业应对自我效能得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同教育水平、月均夜班数、每周平均加班时长、运动状况、睡眠质量、健康状况的肿瘤科护士生命意义感得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。职业疲劳得分与职业应对自我效能和生命意义感均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。婚姻状况、每周平均加班时长、睡眠质量、健康状况、职业应对自我效能、生命意义感是肿瘤科护士职业疲劳主要的影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释职业疲劳得分总变异的40.6%。结论 四川省8所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士职业疲劳处于偏高水平,受多种因素共同影响。护理管理者应采取针对性干预措施提升护士应对能力和职业价值感,同时平衡工作-家庭关系,以降低其职业疲劳,提高工作投入。

Objective To investigate the occupational fatigue status and related influencing factors among oncology nurses in gradeA tertiary hospitals.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 253 oncology nurses from eight grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province from April to June 2022 by the occupational fatigue scale,occupational coping self-efficacy scale and life significance scale,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores of occupational fatigue,occupational coping self-efficacy and sense of meaning of life among 253 oncology nurses from grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were(45.13±12.17),(26.95±8.76)and(32.72±10.28)points,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the occupational fatigue scores among oncology nurses with different marital status,length of service in oncology department,contract category,average weekly overtime hours,sports status,sleep quality and health status(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the professional coping self-efficacy scores among oncology nurses with different gender,length of service in oncology department,education level,contract category,monthly average number of night shifts,weekly average overtime hours,exercise status,sleep quality and health status(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of sense of life meaning among oncology nurses with different education level,monthly average number of night shifts,weekly average overtime hours,sports status,exercise quality and health status(all P<0.05).The score of occupational fatigue was positively correlated with professional coping self-efficacy and sense of life meaning(all P<0.05).The marital status,average overtime per week,sleep quality,health status,occupational coping self-efficacy and sense of meaning of life were the main influencing factors of occupational fatigue in oncology nurses(all P<0.05),which could explain 40.6%of the total variance of occupational fatigue score.Conclusions The occupational fatigue level of oncology nurses from eight grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province is high,which is affected by many factors.The nursing managers should take targeted interventions to improve nurses'coping ability and occupational value,and balance work-family relationship to reduce their occupational fatigue and improve work engagement.