2012-2021年连云港市基于网络直报系统监测的法定传染病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemic situation of notifiable infectious diseases based on network direct reportingsystem in Lianyungang City from 2012-2021

目的 了解连云港市法定传染病流行病学特征及疾病谱变化特点,为制定传染病防控策略和措施提供参考依据。方法 收集2012—2021年连云港市法定传染病数据,采用描述流行病学方法对传染病数据进行分析。结果 2012—2021年连云港市无甲类传染病报告,共报告乙、丙类传染病29种112 905例,年均报告发病率为252.64/10万;死亡170例,年均报告死亡率为0.38/10万,病死率为0.151%;4—7月发病占总数的45.13%,≤14岁年龄组占62.95%,男女比为1.63∶1,人群以散居儿童、农民、幼托儿童为主,占74.87%;肠道传染病占54.27%,呼吸道传染病占29.02%,血源及性传播病占15.56%,自然疫源性及虫媒传染病占1.16%;发病前5位依次为手足口病(115.54/10万)、肺结核(36.80/10万)、梅毒(25.08/10万)、肝炎(17.23/10万)、流行性腮腺炎(16.93/10万)。死亡谱前4位为艾滋病(0.172/10万)、肺结核(0.081/10万)、狂犬病(0.069/10万)、出血热(0.038/10万)。结论 2012—2021年连云港市法定传染病发病率、死亡总体呈下降趋势。手足口病、肺结核、梅毒、肝炎、艾滋病是今后的防控重点,个别地区布病防控需引起重视,连云港市需继续贯彻预防为主、防治结合、综合治理的方针。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and disease spectrum changes of notifiable infectious diseases in Lianyungang City,provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and measures of infectious diseases.Methods The data of notifiable diseases in Lianyungang City from 2012 to 2021 were collected,and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data.Results There was no class A infectious diseases reported in Lianyungang City from 2012 to 2021,a total of 29 kinds of class B and C infectious diseases were reported,including 112905 cases,with an annual incidence of 25264/100000.170 patients died,with an annual mortality rate of 0.38/100000 and a fatality rate of 0.151%.The cases from April to July accounted for 45.13%of total cases,the patients aged≤14 years old accounted for 62.95%,the male to female ratio was 1.63∶1,and the population was mainly scattered children,farmers and preschool children,accounting for 74.87%.The intestinal infectious diseases accounted for 54.27%,respiratory infectious diseases accounted for 29.02%,blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases accounted for 15.56%,and natural and insect-borne infectious diseases accounted for 1.16%.The top five diseases of the incidence were hand,foot and mouth disease(115.54/100000),tuberculosis(36.80/100000),syphilis(25.08/100000),hepatitis(17.23/100000)and mumps(16.93/100000).The top four in the death spectrum were AIDS(0.172/100000),tuberculosis(0.081/100000),rabies(0.069/100000)and hemorrhagic fever(0.038/100000).Conclusions The morbidity and mortality of the notifiable infectious diseases in Lianyungang City show a decreasing trend from 2012 to 2021.The hand,foot and mouth disease,tuberculosis,syphilis,hepatitis and AIDS are the key points of prevention and control in the future,brucellosis prevention and control in some areas should be paid attention to,and Lianyungang City should continue to implement the policy of prevention first,prevention combined with comprehensive treatment.