论检察机关不起诉制度的社会效果及其实现路径——以全国人民检察院2151份不起诉决定书为样本

Social Effect of Non-Prosecution System of Procuratorial Organs and Its Realization Path--A Sample of 2151 Written Decisions of Nol Pros from National People's Procuratorates

受“法律效果与社会效果相统一”之统一论的影响,社会效果已经成为检察机关决定不起诉时的常态化考量因素,该因素的介入具有助益检察机关处理疑难法律问题和应对特殊社会矛盾的实践价值。不起诉制度的社会效果是指检察机关在审查起诉阶段通过行使不起诉权的方式终结案件后,社会公众等非案件办理人员对不起诉决定是否适当作出的一种主观评价。通过观察全国人民检察院2151份不起诉决定书发现,社会效果在不起诉案件中的运行略显失范,表现为实践表达笼统化和判断标准模糊化这两种形态,滋生了同类案件审查起诉处理结果分歧化的不正常现象。这肇因于检察人员在追求不起诉案件社会效果时对法律方法的忽视。检察人员应当跳出统一论的形式藩篱而回归法律方法,运用法律思维逻辑、法律解释方法和法律修辞模式办理不起诉案件。

Under the influence of the theory of"the unification of legal effect and social effect",social effect has become a normal factor in consideration when procuratorial organs decide not to prosecute,and the intervention of this factor has practical value to help procuratorial organs deal with difficult legal issues and special social contradictions.The social effect of the non-prosecution system refers to the subjective evaluation of non-case-handling personnel such as the publie whether the decision is appropriate after the procuratorial organ terminates the case by exercising the right of non-prosecution at the stage of re-view and prosecution.Through the observation of 2151 written non-prosecution decisions of National People's Procuratorates,it has been found that the operation of social effect in non-prosecution cases is slightly anomic,as is manifested in two forms:general expression of practice and vague judgment stand-ards,leading to the abnormal phenomenon of divergent resuls of review and prosecution handling of similar cases.This is due to prosecutors’neglect of legal methods in pursuing social effect of non-prosecu-tion cases.Procurators should jump out of the formn of unification and returm to legal methods,using legal thinking logie,legal interpretation and legal rhetoric mode to handle non-prosecution cases.