显微高光谱成像技术在生物学检测中的研究与进展

Research and Development of Microscopic Hyperspectral Imaging in Biological Detection

生物学检测是生物医学中常见的一种检测手段,是以细胞因子特定的生物活性变化作为检测依据,主要应用于生物医学与农林业等领域,对研究医学病理和作物病害规律有重要作用。传统的检测手段主要通过观察检测样本对不同化学试剂的反应而做出判断,虽然检测精度较高,但存在操作繁琐、检测周期较长等问题。高光谱成像技术融合了光学成像与光谱分析两种传统分析手段,可以同时获取被检测样本的图像数据与光谱信息。高光谱图像中的图像数据反映检测样本的外部特征与表面纹理,而光谱信息又可以对检测样本的内部物理结构以及化学成分等展开分析。显微高光谱成像技术则是将高光谱成像技术与生物显微镜结合起来,通过观察微观世界的图像数据与光谱信息对检测样本进行分析,是一种快速、无损、准确的光学成像分析技术。近年来显微高光谱成像技术由于其高分辨率、数据连续等特点,在生物学检测领域引起了越来越多的关注,成为生物学检测的重要手段之一。该文章从光谱成像基本原理、数据处理以及生物学检测应用等出发,综述了近十年来显微高光谱成像技术在生物学检测方面的研究现状,在总结所取得研究成果的基础上,提出目前显微高光谱成像技术存在的一些问题,并对其在今后生物学检测领域中的发展趋势进行展望,以期为显微高光谱成像技术在生物学检测中的研究与应用提供参考。

Biological detection is a common method in biomedicine based on the change of specific biological activity of cytokines.It is mainly applied in biomedicine,agriculture and forestry,etc.,and plays an important role in the study of medical pathology and the law of crop diseases.Traditional detection methods mainly make judgments by observing the reaction of test samples to different chemical reagents.Although the detection accuracy is high,problems include cumbersome operation and long detection cycle.Hyperspectral imaging technology combines optical imaging and spectral analysis,which can simultaneously obtain the image data and spectral information of the detected samples.The image data in hyperspectral images reflect the samples external characteristics and surface texture,while the spectral information can analyze detected samples the internal physical structure and chemical composition.Micro-hyperspectral imaging technology is a fast,nondestructive and accurate optical imaging analysis technology that combines hyperspectral imaging technology with the biological microscope to analyze the detected samples by observing the microscopic world s image data and spectral information.In recent years,because of its high resolution and continuous data,microscopic hyperspectral imaging has attracted more and more attention in biological detection and has become one of the important means of biological detection.Based on the basic principle of spectral imaging,data processing and application of biological detection,this paper reviews the research status of microscopic hyperspectral imaging technology in biological detection in recent ten years.It puts forward some problems existing in the research process of microscopic hyperspectral imaging technology based on summarizing the research achievements.The future development trend of microhyperspectral imaging in biological detection prospects to provide a reference for the research and application of microhyperspectral imaging in biological detection.