人工智能技术在西双版纳野生亚洲象监测预警中的首次应用

The First Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Monitoring and Warning of Wild Asian Elephants in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan,China

2019—2020年在云南西双版纳构建了野生亚洲象(Elephas maximus)监测预警体系,大量布设红外相机采集亚洲象活动数据,通过移动网络传输至数据管理平台,采用人工智能技术识别亚洲象影像,统计分析后借助移动网络将预警信息自动发布到当地村寨预警广播和手机APP、微信及短信,达到自动预警的目标。2021年1—6月,在景洪市、勐海县和勐腊县布设的579台红外相机通过移动网络自动传输数据294381条到数据管理平台,数据管理平台的人工智能识别系统共挑选出野生亚洲象照片及视频4666条,其中,成功预警3901条,有效预警率为83.60%;从预警发布效率来看,能在较短时间(0~4 min)内发布的预警率为88.92%,其中,在0~2 min内发布的预警率为71.21%,表明该系统从数据自动采集、网络传输、人工智能识别亚洲象和预警信息自动发布等方面均具有较好的效果。分析认为,以红外相机技术与人工智能技术为主构建的西双版纳亚洲象监测预警体系在缓解人象冲突及减轻亚洲象监测员工作强度方面优势明显。进一步完善该系统后,亚洲象监测预警体系可在今后野生亚洲象活动数据自动采集、自动传输、亚洲象影像人工智能识别和预警信息自动发布等方面发挥重要作用,促进我国野生亚洲象及其栖息地保护和科学化管理水平的提高。

From 2019 to 2020,a wild Asian elephant(Elephas maximus)monitoring and early warning system was built in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province.A large number of infrared cameras were deployed to collect Asian elephant activity data,which were transmitted to data management platform through mobile networks.The system identified Asian elephant images through artificial intelligence technology,after statistical analysis,the warning information will be automatically re⁃leased to the local village warning broadcast and mobile APP,WeChat and mobile message through the mobile network to achieve the goal of automatic warning.From January to June 2021,579 infrared cameras were set up in Jinghong City,Menghai County and Mengla County and then automatically transmitted 294,381 pieces of information to the data manage⁃ment platform through the mobile network.And the artificial inteligence recognition of the data management platform se⁃lected a total of 4,666 wild Asian elephant photos and videos.There were 3,901 successful warnings,and the effective warning rate was 83.60%.From the perspective of efficiency,88.92%and 71.21%of the early warning messages can be issued within 0-4 min and 0-2 min respectively,suggesting that the system has a good performance in automatic data col⁃lection,automatic transmission,image artificial intelligence recognition,automatic release of early warning information and other aspects.The Asian elephant monitoring and early warning system of Xishuangbanna based on infrared camera tech⁃nology and artificial intelligence technology has obvious advantages in alleviating human-elephant conflict and reducing the work intensity of Asian elephant monitors.After further improvement of the system,the Asian elephant monitoring and early warning system will play an important role in wild Asian elephant activity data collection,automatic transmission,image rec⁃ognition,automatic release of early warning information in the future,and promote the protection and management of China’s wild Asian elephants and their habitats to a high level.