思维导图教育模式对肠造口患者生活质量与心理情绪的影响

The effect of mind map education mode on the quality of life and psychological emotions of patients with enterostomy

目的探讨与观察思维导图教育模式对肠造口患者生活质量与心理情绪的影响。方法选择2021年5月—2022年4月本院胃肠外科收治的低位直肠癌术后患者80例为研究对象,按入院顺序随机编号,对应随机数字为偶数的分到思维导图组(n=40),奇数的分到传统组(n=40)。传统组给予常规健康教育干预,思维导图组在传统组护理的基础上给予思维导图教育模式干预,思维导图组与传统组护理观察时间为3个月。结果思维导图组护理期间的造口感染、坏死、水肿、出血、旁疝等并发症发生率与传统组相比都降低(P<0.05)。思维导图组与传统组护理后的焦虑与抑郁评分与护理前相比降低(P<0.05),护理后思维导图组评分与传统组相比降低(P<0.05)。思维导图组的术后住院时间、术后排气时间、术后下床活动时间与传统组相比均减少(P<0.05)。思维导图组护理后的副作用、共性症状、尿路症状、特异躯体症状、特异心理、性功能、尿袋问题等生活质量评分与传统组相比都减少(P<0.05)。结论思维导图教育模式在肠造口患者的应用能促进缓解心理负面情绪,促进患者康复,提高患者的生活质量,减少术后造口并发症的发生。

Objective To explore and observe the effects of mind map education mode on the quality of life and psychological emotions of patients with enterostomy.Methods From May 2021 to April 2022,80 cases of patients with postoperative low rectal cancer who were admitted to the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of our hospital were selected as the research subjects,and all the cases were numbered according to the random admission sequence,and those with even random numbers were assigned to the mind map group(n=40),and odd numbers were assigned to the traditional group(n=40).The traditional group was given routine health education intervention,the mind map group was given mind map education mode intervention additionally,and the nursing observation time of both groups was 3 months.Results The incidences of complications such as stoma bleeding,parastomal hernia,stoma necrosis,stoma edema and stoma infection during nursing in the mind map group were lower than that in the traditional group(P<0.05).The anxiety and depression scores in both groups after nursing were significantly lower than those before nursing(P<0.05),and the scores in the mind map group after nursing were also significantly lower than those in the traditional group(P<0.05).The postoperative hospital stay,postoperative exhaust time,and postoperative ambulation time of the mind map group were significantly shorter than those of the traditional group(P<0.05).The quality of life scores of common symptoms,side effects,urinary tract symptoms,specific somatic symptoms,specific psychology,urine bag problems and sexual function in the mind map group after nursing were significantly lower than those in the traditional group(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of mind map education model in patients with enterostomy can promote the relief of psychological negative emotions,promote the recovery of patients,reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications,and improve the quality of life of patients.