国家与地方互动视角下我国科技信用监管体系建设与发展研究

Research on the Construction and Development of the Science and Technology Credit Supervision System in China from the Perspective of National and Local Interaction

现有研究缺乏对我国科技信用监管体系的历时性与共时性进行综合考察。为此,以国内有关科研信用研究的106篇文献和103份相关政策文本(国家层面13份、地方层面90份)为样本,从国家与地方互动视角出发,运用文献调研和文本分析方法,对标国家政策规范,分别从价值理念、组织结构、体制机制、技术工具和政策法规等五方面考察我国科技信用监管体系的建设发展状况。研究发现:我国科技信用监管体系的历时性展现出由国家牵头管理到地方响应实施、再到地方突出重点的模式,国家联合管理与地方共抓落实的共时性具有中国特色。其中,东部省份的政策文本数量大于其他地区,体系建设的深度广度更大,在监管对象细化和探索新途径、新工具等方面做了更多构思;此外,自2007年国家层面的科研诚信建设联席会议制度建立以来,2020年起仅有四川、浙江、北京、江苏、云南五省市分别陆续设立科研诚信建设联席会议,整个体系的央地互动、信息流转不够。基于国家和地方科技信用监管体系总体建设要求,提出推动联席会议制度尽快落地并加强联席会议的稳定连续性、扩充丰富相关体制机制建设内容、建设科研诚信数据库、加强相关配套政策实操性等对策建议。

Existing research lacks a comprehensive examination of the ephemeral and co-temporal nature of China's science and technology credit regulatory system.For this reason,taking 106 pieces of literature and 103 related policy texts(13 at the national level and 90 at the local level)of scientific credit as samples,starting from the perspective of interaction between the state and the local level,using the methods of literature research and textual analysis,and benchmarking the national policy norms,this paper examines the construction and development status of the scientific and technological credit supervision system in China from five aspects respectively:value concepts,organizational structure,institutional mechanisms,technological tools,and policies and regulations.It finds that the ephemeral nature of China's science and technology credit supervision system shows a pattern from state-led management to local response and implementation,and then to local highlighting,while the timeliness of national joint management and local joint implementation has Chinese characteristics.Among them,the number of policy texts in eastern provinces is larger than that in other regions,the depth and breadth of the system construction is greater,and more conceptualization has been done in the refinement of the regulatory objects and the exploration of new ways and tools,etc.;moreover,since the establishment of the joint conference system of scientific research integrity construction at the national level in 2007,only five provinces and municipalities,namely Sichuan,Zhejiang,Beijing,Jiangsu,and Yunnan have respectively set up joint conferences of scientific research integrity construction in 2020 one after another,the whole system of central and local interaction,and the information circulation is not enough.Based on the overall construction requirements of the national and local scientific and technological credit supervision system,it puts forward countermeasures and suggestions such as to promote the joint conference system to land as soon as possible,at the same time strengthen the stability and continuity of the joint conference,expand and enrich the content of the relevant institutional mechanism construction;construct scientific research integrity database construction,and strengthen the practicality of the relevant supporting policies.