甘肃省扩大国家免疫规划前后风疹流行病学特征

Epidemiology of rubella in Gansu province before and after introducing rubella-containing vaccine into the National Immunization Program

目的 分析甘肃省含风疹成分疫苗(Rubella-containing vaccine, RCV)纳入扩大国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program, NIP)前后风疹流行特征。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集甘肃省2004-2022年风疹报告发病数据,比较不同时期风疹发病特征。结果 2004-2022年甘肃省风疹年均报告发病率(/10万)为4.52(22 372例),2004-2007年、2008-2011年、2012-2016年、2017-2022年分别为5.00(5 198例)、12.66(13 217例)、0.50(643例)、2.11(3 314例)。2004-2007年0-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁、15-19岁、≥20岁人群风疹年均报告发病率(/10万)分别为10.51、24.67、16.33、7.23、0.46,2017-2022年分别为0.43、0.40、8.69、19.90、0.29。结论 甘肃省RCV纳入NIP后风疹发病持续下降,近年来风疹发病以15-19岁人群为主。建议继续做好儿童RCV基础免疫并开展青少年RCV接种工作。

Objective To compare epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Gansu province before and after introducing rubella-containing vaccine(RCV)into the National Immunization Program(NIP).MethodsWe obtained data on rubella cases from 2004 to 2022 in Gansu from the China Measles Surveillance System to compare rubella incidences in different periods.ResultsThe annual average incidence per 100000 population of reported rubella was 4.52(22372 cases)from 2004 to 2022,with 5.00(5198 cases),12.66(13217 cases),0.50(643 cases),and 2.11(3314 cases)in 2004-2007,2008-2011,2012-2016,and 2017-2022,respectively.Annual average incidences per 100000 for 0-4,5-9,10-14,15-19,and≥20-year-olds were 10.51,24.67,16.33,7.23,and 0.46 in 2004-2007,compared with 0.43,0.40,8.69,19.90,and 0.29 in 2017-2022.ConclusionsThe incidence of rubella decreased in Gansu after introducing RCV into NIP,with the highest per-age-group incidence among 15-19-year-olds in recent years.We should continue routine RCV immunization of children and conduct RCV catch-up vaccination of adolescents.