塞罕坝地区3个树种径向生长对气象因子的响应

Radial growth of three tree species in response to meteorological factors in Saihanba area

为了明确塞罕坝地区华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)和云杉(Picea meyeri)3个树种径向生长对气象因子的响应,分析了3个树种的年轮宽度年表与气象因子的关系。研究结果表明,塞罕坝地区气候具有暖干化的变化趋势;华北落叶松径向生长同时受气温、降水和SPEI(标准化降水蒸散指数)的显著影响,樟子松主要受气温和降水的显著影响,云杉主要受降水和SPEI的显著影响,受气温的影响较小;华北落叶松径向生长与前一年10月份和当年6、7月份气温,以及当年生长季(5—9月份)平均气温呈显著负相关关系,樟子松与当年6、7月份的气温呈负相关关系,但与8月份呈正相关关系;华北落叶松、樟子松和云杉均受前一年和当年降水的共同影响,对气象因子的响应存在明显滞后性。综合3个树种的年表波动以及对降水和气温的响应来看,华北落叶松对气候变化更为敏感,更易受到高温和干旱的双重胁迫,在塞罕坝暖干化的气候变化趋势之下,更容易出现衰退现象;其次为樟子松,云杉气候变化的敏感度最低,而稳定性最高。

In order to understand the radial growth of trees in response to meteorological factors,analysis was performed on the relationship between the climatic factors and the width chronology of annual rings of three species,including Larch(Larix principis-rupprechtii),Scotch pine(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)and Picea(Picea meyeri)growing in the Saihanba area.The results showed that the climate in the Saihanba area displayed a clear trend of warming and drying.The radial growth of Larch was significantly affected by temperature,precipitation and SPEI at the same time.While the radial growth of Scotch pine was mainly affected by temperature and precipitation.The radial growth of Picea was mainly affected by precipitation and SPEI,but slightly affected by temperature.The radial growth of larch was significantly negatively correlated with the temperature in October of last year and June to July of the current year,as well as the average temperature of the whole growing season(May-September).The radial growth of Scotch pine was negatively correlated with the temperature in June and July of the current year,but positively correlated with the temperature in August.Larch,Scotch pine and Picea were all affected in growth by simultaneous precipitation of the previous and current year. There was a significant lag in their corresponding response to climate. Combining the chronology fluctuations and responses to precipitation and temperature of the three species,According to the results, Larch was more sensitive to climate changes showing susceptibility to the dual stress of high temperature and drought and trend of decline under the climate change trend of warming and drying in the Saihanba. Picea demonstrated the lowest sensitivity and highest stability to climate changes.