肉毒毒素在颈部肌张力障碍中的应用进展

Progress in application of botulinum toxin in cervical dystonia

颈部肌张力障碍(cervical dystonia,CD)是最常见的局灶性肌张力障碍,病因尚不明确,临床症状主要表现为持续性不自主颈部肌肉收缩导致的头颈部不随意运动及各种异常姿势,肉毒毒素(botulinum toxin,BT)注射是颈部肌张力障碍的首选治疗方法,本文主要从颈部肌张力障碍病因、临床表现、主次要责任肌肉、A型肉毒毒素注射疗法的剂量、引导技术以及治疗反应不佳分析与处理等方面进行综述,旨在为医师临床诊疗或科研工作提供切实可行建议。

Cervical dystonia,presenting with head and neck involuntary movement,is the most common form of focal dystonia.Cervical dystonia is caused by persistent involuntary neck muscle contraction,but its etiology still remains unclear.Botulinum toxin injection is the first choice for the treatment of cervical dystonia.This article mainly reviews the etiology,clinical manifestations,primary and secondary responsible muscles of cervical dystonia,as well as the dose,guiding technique,poor treatment response analysis and management of botulinum toxin type A injection therapy,which aims to provide practical recommendations for clinical decisions and scientific research.