不同灭菌方式、蛋白质含量饲料对大小鼠生长发育及生化指标的影响

Effect of different sterilization methods and protein content on growth and biochemical indexes of experimental rats

试验旨在探究在^(60)Co-γ和高温高压等两种灭菌方式下,不同蛋白质含量饲料对小鼠、大鼠生长发育及生化指标的影响。健康SPF级小鼠和大鼠离乳后随机分为^(60)Co-γ灭菌高蛋白组(CoG组)、^(60)Co-γ灭菌低蛋白组(CoD组)、高温高压灭菌高蛋白组(TG组)、高温高压灭菌低蛋白组(TD组),各组Wistar大鼠16只、KM小鼠10只(雌、雄各半)。小鼠试验期17 d,大鼠试验期68 d。结果显示,不同蛋白条件下,小鼠胰腺指数差异显著(P<0.05);不同灭菌方式下,5~7 d、24~33 d、34~47 d大鼠体重差值差异极显著(P<0.01)。不同灭菌方式下,大鼠血液谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(CREA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)存在显著差异(P<0.05);不同性别条件下,大鼠血液白蛋白(ALB)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、葡萄糖(GLU)差异显著(P<0.01)。研究表明,试验所用低蛋白水平饲料比高蛋白水平饲料饲养的大鼠、小鼠更健康,^(60)Co-γ辐照灭菌(20 kGy)比高温高压灭菌(121℃、0.14 MPa、20 min)破坏饲料中的营养成分的程度小,对大鼠、小鼠产生的影响更小。

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of different protein content on growth and biochemical indexes of mice and rats under two sterilization methods,such as ^(60)Co-γand high temperature and high pressure.Healthy SPF mice and rats were randomly divided into ^(60)Co-γsterilized high protein group(CoG group),^(60)Co-γsterilized low protein group(CoD group),high temperature autoclave high protein group(TG group)and high temperature autoclave low protein group(TD group)after lactating,with 16 Wistar rats and 10 KM mice(half female and half male)in each group.The experiment lasted for 17 d in mice and 68 d in rats.The results showed that there were significant differences in the ratio of pancreas and organ under different protein conditions(P<0.05).Under different sterilization methods,the weight difference of rats at 5~7 d,24~33 d and 34~47 d was extremely different(P<0.01).There were significant differences in ALT,UA,CREA and CRP under different sterilization methods(P<0.05).There were significant differences in blood ALB,HDL-C and GLU in rats with different genders(P<0.01).The study showed that rats and mice fed with low protein level feed were healthier than those fed with high protein level feed.^(60)Co-γirradiation sterilization(20 kGy)was less destructive of nutrients in the feed than high-temperature autoclave sterilization(121℃,0.14 MPa,20 min),and had less impact on rats and mice.