产后不同保健方式对母牛繁殖性能的影响研究

Effects of different ways of postpartum health care on reproductive performance of cows

试验旨在研究产后保健方式对母牛繁殖性能的影响。试验选用年龄与体重相近、预产期相近的妊娠母牛60头,分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头牛。对照组母牛产后肌肉注射氯前列烯醇(PG)4~5 mL,试验组母牛于产后及产后第8、16 d分别注射PG 4~5 mL。试验期450 d。结果显示,试验组母牛产后第一个发情期21 d后返情数低于对照组;30 d直检时试验组受胎数高于对照组。试验组母牛胎衣排出时间、产后第1次发情间隔时间均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),发情持续时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的情期受孕头数和情期受胎率比对照组提高了100.00%,试验组的年总受胎率比对照组提高了28.57%。试验组的产犊间隔比对照组缩短了近50 d,产犊的死淘数为0,成活率比对照组提高了5.26%。研究表明,做好繁殖母牛产后保健对提高繁殖母牛繁殖性能、犊牛成活率具有一定的积极作用,是提高养牛场经济效益的关键措施。

The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of postpartum health care on reproductive performance of breeding cows.A total of 60 pregnant cows with similar age and weight and expected delivery were divided into control group and experimental group with three replicates per group and 10 cows per replicate.Cows in control group were injected with 4~5 mL of PG intramuscularily after delivery,and those in experimental group were injected with 4~5 mL of PG on the 8th and 16th day after delivery,respectively.The experiment lasted for 450 d.The results showed that the number of cows in experimental group was lower than that in control group 21 d after the first postpartum estrus.At 30 d of direct examination,the number of embryo in experimental group was higher than that in control group.The estrus discharge time and postpartum interval of the first estrus in test group were extremely lower than those in control group(P<0.01),and the estrus duration in test group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the number of estrus conception and estrus conception rate of experimental group were increased by 100.00%,and the annual total conception rate of experimental group was increased by 28.57%.Compared with control group,the calving interval of the experimental group was shortened by nearly 50 days,and the number of calving deaths was 0,and the survival rate was increased by 5.26%.The study indicates that good postpartum health care of breeding cows has a positive effect on improving the reproductive performance of breeding cows and the survival rate of calves,and is a key measure to improve the economic benefits of cattle farms.