不同饲养模式下小尾寒羊生长发育规律的研究

Study on growth and development of small-tailed Han sheep under different feeding patterns

试验旨在探索不同饲养模式对小尾寒羊的生长发育、肉用性能及养殖经济效益的影响。试验选择40只哺乳母羊及其生产羔羊80只,随机分为两组,舍饲组哺乳母羊20只、羔羊40只(公羔22只、母羔18只),放牧组哺乳母羊20只、羔羊40只(公羔21只、母羔19只)。舍饲羊在固定圈舍内饲养,放牧羊在牧草地放牧。预试期15 d,正式试验期360 d。结果显示:360日龄时舍饲组成活率为92.50%,放牧组仅为85.00%。90日龄、180日龄和360日龄时,舍饲组公、母羔羊的平均体重均显著高于放牧组(P<0.05);90~180日龄、181~360日龄阶段舍饲组公、母羔羊增重、平均日增重均显著高于放牧组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于放牧组(P<0.05)。180、360日龄时,舍饲组公、母羔羊胸围均显著高于放牧组(P<0.05)。180、360日龄时,舍饲组小尾寒羊公羔羊体重、胴体重、屠宰率、净肉重、净肉率、眼肌面积、背膘厚均显著高于放牧组(P<0.05)。经计算,舍饲组羔羊360日龄时比放牧组增加纯收入279.79元。研究表明,小尾寒羊全舍饲圈养增重效果优于全放牧饲养,经济效益显著提高。

The experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different feeding patterns on growth and development,meat performance and economic benefits of small-tailed Han sheep.A total of 40 lactating ewes and 80 lambs were selected and randomly divided into two groups:20 lactating ewes and 40 lambs(22 males and 18 females)in the house feeding group,and 20 lactating ewes and 40 lambs(21 males and 19 females)in the grazing group.House-fed sheep were raised in fixed enclosures and pastured sheep are grazed on pasture.The pre-test lasted for 15 d and the formal test lasted for 360 d.The results showed that the survival rate of the group was 92.50%at 360 days of age,while that of the grazing group was 85.00%.At 90 days of age,180 days of age and 360 days of age,the average body weight of male and female lambs in house feeding group was significantly higher than that in grazing group(P<0.05).The weight gain and average daily gain of male and female lambs at 90 to 180 days of age and 181 to 360 days of age in house feeding groups were significantly higher than those in grazing group(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly lower than that in grazing group(P<0.05).At 180 and 360 days of age,the chest circumference of male and female lambs in house feeding group was significantly higher than that in grazing group(P<0.05).At 180 and 360 days of age,the body weight,carcass weight,slaughter rate,net meat weight,net meat rate,eye muscle area and back fat thickness of male small-tailed Han sheep in house feeding group were significantly higher than those in grazing group(P<0.05).It was calculated that the net income of lambs in the house feeding group increased by 279.79 yuan compared with that in grazing group at 360 days of age.The study indicates that the weight gain effect of small-tailed Han sheep is better than that of full grazing,and the economic benefit is significantly improved.