老年慢性心力衰竭住院患者药物治疗的现状研究

Retrospective Analysis of Drug Treatment in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

目的 调查老年慢性心衰患者住院期间的基本资料及药物治疗的现状,探讨心衰药物对于改善心衰患者心功能的重要性。方法 选取2022年1月至5月就诊于我院并住院的老年慢性心衰患者206例作为研究对象,收集其基础资料及住院期间的一般临床资料并进行回顾性分析,采用Pearson相关性分析心衰药物对慢性心衰患者的射血分数的影响。结果 共纳入206例老年慢性心力衰竭住院患者,以男性居多(57.3%),主要病史为高血压(78.2%)、冠心病(51.5%)和糖尿病(38.8%),住院期间心衰患者主要治疗药物为血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂/ARNI(57.3%),利尿剂(75.7%),β受体阻滞剂(68.0%)等;通过Pearson相关性分析得出醛固酮拮抗剂和利尿剂的使用也是和患者主观症状(NYHA分级)呈正相关(P<0.05),血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂/ARNI则和射血分数呈正相关(P=0.010),钙通道阻滞剂与射血分数呈正相关(P=0.002)。结论 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂/ARNI、利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂是临床上治疗慢性心衰的常用药物;醛固酮拮抗剂和利尿剂对改善心衰患者症状有一定意义,血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂/ARNI能改善老年慢性心衰患者心功能。

Objective To investigate basic data and drug treatment of elderly patients with chronic heart failure during hospitalization,and explore the importance of heart failure drugs in improving heart function of patients with heart failure.Methods From January to May 2022,206 elderly patients with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized were selected as study subjects.Their basic data and general clinical data during hospitalization were collected and analyzed.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the effect of heart failure drugs on the ejection fraction of patients with chronic heart failure.Results Total 206 elderly patients with chronic heart failure were included,most of whom were male(57.3%).The main medical histories were high heart disease(78.2%),coronary heart disease(51.5%)and diabetes(38.8%).The main drugs for heart failure patients during hospitalization were angiotensin enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor antagonist/ARNI(57.3%),diuretics(75.7%),βreceptor blockers(68.0%).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the use of aldosterone antagonists and diuretics was also negatively correlated with the subjective symptoms(NYHA grade)of patients(P<0.001),while the use of angiotensin enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor antagonist/ARNI was positively correlated with the ejection fraction(P=0.044).Conclusion Aldosterone antagonists and diuretics would have certain significance in improving the symptoms of patients with chronic heart failure.Angiotensin inhibitor/angiotensin receptor antagonist/ARNI could improve the cardiac function of elderly patients with chronic heart failure.