诗性言说何以为女性正名?——评《坤道与空阙:“女性”的诗性正名》

The Contradiction Between Poetic Expression and Female Ethics:A Review of Kun Way-Making and Positive Absence:Confucian Thinking on the Feminine Gender

王堃《坤道与空阙:“女性”的诗性正名》立足儒家对女性进行伦理正名,乃是以儒家的诗性言说完成对传统伦理规范的批判与重构,这不仅使女性伦理正式成为儒家哲学研究的主题,而且开启了从语言哲学的维度探讨儒家伦理正名问题的理论进路。然而,这两方面都存在值得商榷的问题:就诗性言说的女性意象而言,王著在“坤道”“空阙”两个层面上强调了女性之于男性的奠基地位和主导作用,其中偏离了当今两性平等和谐的伦理诉求;就诗性言说的伦理正名而言,王著从“道言”“人言”两个层面上强调了伦理正名的渊源以及“道德交谈”本身的“诗性言说”特质,然而在跳脱“说理”的“诗性言说”中,伦理正名问题并无法得到有效解答。总之,王著给我们留下了不少有待澄清和讨论的问题,这正是一部新著作对于当代儒学研究的真正价值所在。

The new book written by Wang Kun,from the perspective of Confucian thinking on female ethics,is to criticise and reconstruct traditional Confucian ethics.That not only makes female ethics a formal subject of Confucianism study but also opens a dimension of the philosophy of language to discuss Confucian ethics.However,there are some problems on both sides.The first is about the feminine gender which the writer emphasises female dominance over men on both levels of Kun Way-Making and Positive Absence:Confucian Thinking on the Feminine Gender,which deviates from the modern ethical appeal of gender equality.The second is the about clear meaning of ethical concepts,which the writer expounds on the source of ethical concepts and the poetic expression of ethical communication on both levels of Tao and humanity,but the poetic expression without public reasoning has not resolved the problem of the clear meaning of ethical concepts effectively.Therefore,the real value of this new book is for us to leave many problems to discuss in future studies.