郭璞的《诗》学面貌及成因——以其诗文引《诗》用《诗》为中心的考察

The Characteristics and Causes of Guo Pu's Study of Classic of Poetry:An Investigation Focusing on the Quotation and Application of Poetry in Guo Pu's Literary Works

以往人们通过考察郭璞《尔雅注》引《诗》来认识郭璞的《诗》学面貌,而对郭璞诗文引《诗》、用《诗》的情况较少关注。考察郭璞诗文所用《诗》学材料,并与其注书引《诗》的特点相对照,可见郭璞《诗》学特征乃以《毛诗》学为主,间涉三家《诗》说,既注重《诗》的字句本义,亦重视《诗》的经学功能。郭璞在其著述中所呈现的《诗》学面貌,受到两晋时期经学环境,郭璞的学术背景,其与晋元帝、明帝及琅琊王氏的关系等因素的影响。郭璞对《毛诗》的取舍和对三家《诗》的借鉴,体现了其实事求是的治《诗》态度;郭璞在注书中更注重《诗》的字句本义而在诗文中更注重《诗》的经学功能,这一不同侧重体现了其《诗》学面貌的非单一性。

In the past,people knew the characteristics of Guo Pu's Study of Poetry by studying the quotation of“Erya Notes”but paid less attention to the quotation and application of Poetry in Guo Pu's literary works.The academic features of Poems presented by Guo Pu in his works were influenced by the environment of Confucian studies in the Jin Dynasties,Guo Pu's academic background,and his relationship with Emperor Yuan,Emperor Mingof Jin Dynasties and the Wang family of Langya.Examining the features of Study of Poetry used and quoted in Guo Pu's literary works and comparing them with the characteristics of his annotations,it can be seen that Guo Pu's study of Poetry is mainly based on Mao poetry and involves three poetry sayings.He not only pays attention to the original meaning of Poetry but also attaches importance to its Confucian function.The characteristics of Guo Pu's study of Classic of Poetry are influenced by the background of Confucian classics in the Jin Dynasty and Guo Pu's academic background.Guo Pu's relationship with Emperor Yuan,Emperor Ming of the Jin Dynasty,and the Wang family of Langya also had an impact.Guo Pu's choice of Mao Poetry and three poetry sayings reflect his realistic attitude.He paid more attention to the original meaning of the poetry in his annotations and paid more attention to the Confucian classics'function of the poetry in his poems.This different emphasis reflects the non-uniformity of the characteristics of his study of the Book of Poetry.