自尊和家庭功能在广东省农村中老年人抑郁症状与生活满意度关系间的作用分析

Analysis of Effect of Self-esteem and Family Function on the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Life Satisfaction of Middle-aged and Elderly People in Rural Areas in Guangdong Province

目的:探讨农村中老年人抑郁症状与生活满意度的关系,检验家庭功能和自尊能否在中老年人抑郁症状与生活满意度关系之间起中介作用,为开展有针对性的农村中老年心理健康促进服务提供参考。方法:采用简版老年抑郁量表、自尊量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷和生活满意度量表对广东省230名50岁以上农村中老年人进行调查。结果:共回收208份有效问卷。自觉健康状况良好、定期参加体检和主动参加村委会活动的中老年人生活满意度较高(P<0.05)。抑郁症状、自尊水平和家庭功能共同解释中老年人生活满意度35.6%的变异。通过结构方程模型拟合,发现自尊和家庭功能在中老年人抑郁症状与生活满意度之间起中介作用。结论:自尊和家庭功能是缓冲抑郁症状对农村中老年人生活满意度负面影响的主要因素。应提倡社会和家庭尊老敬老爱老的群体氛围,增强老年人“老有所依、老有所用”的自我价值感,以提升其生活满意度,促进积极老龄化。

Objective:To explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and life satisfaction for middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas,and to examine whether family function and self-esteem could play a mediating role between depressive symptoms and life satisfaction in this group,so as to provide reference for implementation of targeted mental health promotion services for middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:230 rural middle-aged and elderly people older than 50 were investigated by geriatric depression scale,Rosenburg self-esteem scale,family APGAR questionnaire and satisfaction with life scale in Guangdong province.Results:A total of 208 questionnaires were collected.The middle-aged and elderly people with good self-rated health,regular physical examination and active participation in village activities tended to have higher life satisfaction(P<0.05).The depressive symptoms,self-esteem and family function predicted 35.6%of the total variance of life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly people.Through structural equation model fitting,it was found that self-esteem and family function played a mediating role between depressive symptoms and life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly people.Conclusion:High self-esteem and family function could reduce the negative impact of depressive symptoms on life satisfaction for the middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas.We should advocate social and family atmosphere of respecting and loving the elderly,and enhance the self-worth of the elderly in terms of letting the elderly have someone to rely on and have something to do,so as to improve their life satisfaction,and ultimately promote active aging.