电线电缆燃烧烟气中苯的慢性毒性风险评价

Study on the risk assessment of chronic toxicity of benzene inthefluegas of cable combustion

对WDZ-YJ电线电缆和RVVB电线电缆的燃烧烟气中的苯含量进行测定,对苯的慢性毒性风险进行评价。对WDZ-YJ电线电缆和RVVB电线电缆进行燃烧试验,并进行烟气收集;对收集的气体样品进行苯质量浓度的定量检测;根据苯质量浓度的定量检测结果,对苯的慢性毒性风险进行评价。结果表明,不论燃烧状态是有焰燃烧还是无焰燃烧,当热辐射通量从20kW/m^(2)升至35kW/m^(2)时,WDZ-YJ电线电缆和RVVB电线电缆燃烧烟气苯的慢性毒性风险均高于最低可接受风险10-6。针对典型电线电缆燃烧烟气苯的慢性毒性风险特点,相关火灾事故处置过程中,消防指战员应当佩戴空气呼吸器等个人防护装备,做好个人防护。消防监督员、火调人员在相关火灾事故调查过程中,同样要减少口鼻、皮肤等环境暴露,尽量减少暴露时间,做好消防慢性职业病个人防护。

Determine the content of benzene in the combustion smoke of WDZ-YJ and RVVB cable,and evaluate the risk of chronic toxicity of benzene using a dose-response model.The combustion test of WDZ-YJ and RVVB cable was carried out with a cone calorimeter,and the flue gas was collected with an activated carbon sampling tube;Use Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph to quantitatively detect the concentration of benzene in the collected gas samples.According to the quantitative detection results of benzene concentration,the dose-response model was used to evaluate the chronic toxicity risk of benzene.Shows that no matter whether the combustion state is flame combustion or flameless combustion,when the heat radiation flux increases from 20 kW/m^(2) to 35 kW/m^(2), the chronic toxicity risk of benzene in theflue gas of WDZ-YJ and RVVB cable is higher than the minimumacceptable risk of 10-6. According to the risk characteristics ofchronic toxicity of benzene in the smoke of typical electric wiresand cables, fire fighters should wear personal protective equipmentsuch as air respirators and do a good job of personal protectionduring the handling of related fire accidents. During the investigationof related fire accidents, fire supervisors and fire dispatchersshould also reduce the exposure of mouth, nose and skin ,minimize the exposure time, and do a good job of personal protectionagainst chronic occupational diseases.