吉林省白河林业局森林火灾应急资源现状及调配优化

Current situation and allocation optimization of forest fire emergency resources in Baihe forestry bureau,Jilin Province

森林火灾应急资源的储备和调配是林火应急救援的关键,合理的配置和调度,可以最大限度地减少森林火灾造成的损失。研究结果表明:白河林业局目前森林火灾应急资源建设较为完备,森林消防队和瞭望塔建设基本覆盖每个林场,其中,局属森林消防队建设最为完备。基于应急资源分配调度模型,对应急资源分配进行优化,可以降低林火扑救时间。现有应急资源以运输设备配备情况最差,应加强全局运输设备的建设;北部林火多发区宝马林场瞭望塔数量较少,应加强该林场林火监测力度;南部靠近边境线,中部林火发生较为频繁,但目前监测和扑救设施配备较弱,建议加大建设力度,同时还要加强现有人员应急处理能力和装备的养护维修工作。针对该林业局森林火灾应急资源现状,以实际火场为例对应急资源调配和扑救路线进行优化;根据该林业局森林火灾发生规律结合现有应急资源,提出应急资源建设建议。

Reserve and allocation of forest fire emergency resources are the key factors for the emergency response of forest fire.The damage of forest fire can be minimized as soon as possible by reasonable allocation and scheduling.Research shows that the construction of emergency resource in Baihe forestry bureau is relatively complete,the forest fire brigades and observation towers could basically cover all of the forest farms,and the construction of the bureau's forest fire brigade is the most complete.The forest fire extinguishing time could be reduced through optimizing the allocation of emergency resources based on the emergency resource allocation scheduling model.The worstequipped of the existing emergency resources is transportation equipment,so it is necessary to strengthen the construction of transportation equipment among the forestry bureau.Observation towers of Baoma forest farm which is the hot spot of forest fire in the northern area are not enough,so it is necessary to strengthen the construction of fire monitoring in the farm.The southern area of the bureau is close to the frontier line,and the central area is also the hot spot of forest fire,but currently the monitoring and fighting facilities are relatively weak.Therefore,it is recommended to strengthen the construction,increase the emergency handling capabilities and pay attention to the equipment maintenance at the same time.By the investigation of current situation of emergency resources of forest fires in the forestry bureau,the emergency resource allocation and firefighting routes are optimized according to the real fire ground.Based on the occurrencei patterns of forest fires and the existing emergency resources of the forestry bureau,the recommendation for emergency resource construction is proposed.