基于用户侧主动充电引导的城市电动汽车充电站扩容规划研究

Research on Capacity Expansion and Planning for Urban Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on User-side Active Charging Guidance

充电设施的不合理布局会增加运营商的建设成本,还会影响用户的充电体验和出行效率。为平衡运营商的投资经济性和用户的出行便利性,提出一种基于用户侧主动充电引导的电动汽车充电站双层扩容规划方法。上层计及投资经济性和用户时间成本约束,对区域充电站进行既有站点扩容或选址新建;下层通过数字地图接口获取实时路网信息,以电动汽车充电时间成本最小为目标进行主动充电引导,并将车辆的排队时间返回至上层进行扩容规划。针对双层扩容规划模型,使用基于灵敏度系数的逐次规划方法,设计上下层多轮迭代算法进行有效求解。算例选取上海地区真实测试区域,对区域充电站进行扩容规划分析,结合多个对比场景验证所提方法的可行性与有效性。

The unreasonable layout of charging facilities will not only increase the construction cost of operators,but also affect the charging experience and travel efficiency of users.In order to balance the investment economy of operators and the travel convenience of users,a bi-level planning method of electric vehicle(EV)charging station based on user-side active charging guidance is proposed in this paper.Considering the investment economy and user time cost constraints,the upper layer expands the existing charging stations or selects locations for new charging stations.Based on the real-time traffic information from digital map interface,the lower layer simulates active charging guidance with the goal of minimizing total time costs of EVs,and returns the queuing time of each vehicle to the upper layer to realize the capacity expansion and planning.Then,using the successive planning method based on the sensitivity factor,the iterative algorithm between upper and lower layers is designed for effective solutions.Finally,real areas in Shanghai are selected in case studies.The capacity expansion and planning results are carried out with multiple comparisons to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.