容量电价与风光火配比相协调的电源规划

Generation Expansion Planning Based on Coordination of Capacity Prices and Wind,Solar and Fire Ratios

随着我国双碳目标的提出,火电机组将逐渐从发电电源过渡到调节电源,而电能量市场不能体现火电机组作为调节电源的容量价值,已经导致火电企业大面积亏损,亟需建立合理的容量补偿机制,保障火电机组收益,提供有效的发电投资信号。因此,首先分析了当前现有的容量补偿机制及我国容量补偿机制应用现状,提出了一种适应于我国的基于机组有效容量的火电机组容量补偿机制。然后建立容量电价与风光火配比相协调的双层电源规划模型,上层以规划年总成本最小为目标,考虑机组年利润、容量电价等约束,优化电源装机方案及容量电价,下层以典型日运行成本最小为目标,优化典型日机组出力。通过算例仿真验证了模型的有效性,并探究了碳税价格及绿证交易价格对电源规划结果及容量电价的影响。

With the proposal of China's double carbon goals,the thermal power units have gradually been transforming from the generating power to the regulating power.However,their capacity values as the regulating power cannot temporarily be reflected in the electric energy market,which has led to the large-scale losses in the thermal power enterprises.There is an urgent need to formulate a reasonable capacity compensation mechanism to protect the returns of the thermal power units and provide effective signals for the investment in the power generation.Therefore,this paper proposes a capacity compensation mechanism for the thermal power units based on the effective capacity of the units adapted to China after analysing the current existing capacity compensation mechanisms and the application status of the capacity compensation mechanisms in China.Then,a bi-level generation expansion planning model is established to coordinate the capacity prices and the ratios of wind,solar,and fire generations.The upper level aims to plan the minimum of the total annual cost and optimize the power installation scheme and capacity prices by considering the constraints like the annual unit profits and the capacity prices.The lower level focuses on minimizing the typical daily operating cost and optimizes the output of typical daily units.The validity of the model is verified in the case study,and the impacts of the carbon tax price and the green certificate trading price on the generation expansion planning results and the capacity prices are analyzed.