主要发达经济体从碳达峰到碳中和的路径以及启示

The Path from Peak Carbon to Carbon Neutrality in Major Developed Economies and the Takeaways

近年来全球变暖速度加快,中国作为世界人口基数名列前茅的人口大国,想要实现碳达峰和碳中和还需多方面的改进和转型。世界发达经济体从碳达峰到碳中和的路径方面展开研究,从自然达峰形成的规律方面入手,分析社会变动情况加以政策完善驱动,从而展开详细论述。通过对比分析,发现中国的碳达峰和碳中和目标是具有雄心的气候承诺,相较其他发达经济体需要付出更大努力。建议运用全面综合的政策工具支撑碳中和目标的有效落实,加快中国的气候立法,在兼顾公正转型的同时推动能源结构调整,注重可再生能源和能效方面的新技术开发应用。

In recent years,global warming has accelerated,and China,as the world's most populous country with the highest population base,still needs to make improvements and transformations to achieve peak carbon and carbon neutrality.The world's developed economies have studied the pathways from peak carbon to carbon neutrality,starting with the laws of natural peak formation and analysing the social changes driven by policy improvements,to develop a detailed discussion.A comparative analysis reveals that China's carbon peaking and carbon neutral targets are ambitious climate commitments that require greater effort than those of other developed economies.It is recommended that a comprehensive range of policy instruments be used to support the effective implementation of carbon neutrality targets,that China's climate legislation be accelerated,that energy restructuring be promoted while taking into account a just transition,and that new technology development and application in renewable energy and energy efficiency be emphasized.