我国老年人日常生活活动能力与慢性病共病和抑郁症状的关系分析

Analysis of the Relationship Between Activities of Daily Living in Old Adults in China and Chronic Disease Comorbidity and Depressive Symptoms

目的:分析我国老年人日常生活活动能力与慢性病共病和抑郁症状的关系,为改善老年人生活质量提供依据。方法:基于《中国老年健康影响因素跟踪研究》2018年横断面调查数据,选取65岁及以上老年人样本共9528人,采用卡方检验、相关性分析、中介效应分析3者之间的关系。结果:老年人抑郁症状总检出率为27.0%,慢性病共病患者占40.7%,日常生活活动能力受损率为18.9%。慢性病共病对老年人抑郁症状具有统计学意义的正向预测作用(β=0.914,P<0.001)。老年人日常生活活动能力在慢性病共病与抑郁症状之间的中介效应占8.53%。结论:老年人慢性病共病、日常生活活动能力与抑郁症状相关,慢性病共病可以直接或通过日常生活活动能力的中介作用间接影响抑郁症状。

Objective:To analyze the relationship between activities of daily living,depressive symptoms and multiple chronic conditions in the old adults,so as to provide evidence for improving the quality of life of older adults.Methods:Based on the cross-sectional survey data of Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey(CLHLS)in 2018,a total of 9528 older adults aged 65 and over were included in the study.Chi-square test,correlation analysis,mediation effect analysis of the relationship between the three.Results:The total detection rate of depressive symptoms in the older adults was 27.0%,the proportion of patients with multiple chronic conditions was 40.7%,and the rate of impaired activities of daily living was 18.9%.In the model,multiple chronic conditions had a statistically significant positive predictive effect on depressive symptoms in older adults(β=0.914,P<0.001).The mediating effect of activities of daily living between multiple chronic conditions and depressive symptoms in older adults accounted for 8.53%.Conclusion:The multiple chronic conditions and activities of daily living in older adults are related to depressive symptoms,and multiple chronic conditions can directly or indirectly affect depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of activities of daily living.