从课程开设到科系设置:北京协和医学堂、协和医学院微生物学科的发展及贡献(1906~1942)

From the First Course to the Establishment of a Departmen:t:The Development aand1 Social Contribution of Microbiology at Union Medical College,Peking,and Peking Union Medical College(1906-1942)

20世纪上半叶,北京协和医学堂及由其改组的北京协和医学院微生物学科在国内占有重要地位,其相关专业与科、系于1906年至1942年间,在学科领域取得了一系列进展与突破,有力地推动了中国医学微生物学的发展及相关知识的传播,亦是该学科在本土化历程中的一个缩影。本文基于该校档案、报告及校刊,参考原始论文、回忆录等材料,考察其在学科教育、人才培养、科研成果、专业论著,特别是传染病的研究与防控方面的工作,管窥近代医学微生物学在国内的发展脉络,并为当代的学科建设提供借鉴与参考。

In the first half of the twentieth century,microbiology at Union Medical College,Peking(北京协和医学堂)and its successor-Peking Union Medical College(PUMC,北京协和医学院)-occupied a significant position in China.From 1906 to 1942,the college achieved considerable success in the field of microbiology,which not only promoted the development of Chinese microbiology and the dissemination of microbiological knowledge but also epitomized the localization of the discipline.Based on archives,reports,and journals of PUMC,and by referencing original papers and memoirs,this article examines the accomplishments of the college with regard to disciplinary education,personnel training,research output,academic work,and particularly its work on research and prevention and control of infectious diseases in order to improve our understanding of the development of microbiology in modern China and consider the implications for this discipline today.