从高攀龙的《大学》诠释看其对“朱、王之争”的回应

Interpreting Gao Panlong's Da Xue to Understand His Response to the “Zhu-Wang Controversy”

在《大学》成为“朱、王之争”风暴眼的境遇下,由《大学》而入回应“朱、王之争”已然成为中晚明以来学者共享的学术途辙。作为晚明东林学派的集大成者,高攀龙同样借助对《大学》的诠释介入晚明的全国性学术议题“朱、王之争”,以“尊奉崔铣改本《大学》”“辩难阳明”以及“推阐朱子”的学术取向,开辟出根柢朱子、批判吸收阳明的回应模式。这一模式深刻影响了明清之际的学术走向和学风递变,表征出晚明“朱、王之争”的学术态势渐趋由阳明学独盛向朱子学日兴转进,从而为朱子学在清初的复兴起到先导之功。

Amidst the storm of the“Zhu-Wang Controversy”,the interpretation of Da Xue became a shared academic path among scholars since the middle and late Ming period.As a major figure of the late Ming Donglin School,Gao Panlong utilized his interpretation of Da Xue and intervened in the nationwide academic issue of the“Zhu-Wang Controversy”.With his scholarly approach of“respecting the revised version of Da Xue by Cui Xian”and “debating with Yangming”,as well as“elucidating Zhu Xi”,he established a response model rooted in Zhu Xi's teachings while critiquing Yangming's ideas.This model profoundly influenced the academic direction and stylistic changes during the transition from the Ming to the Qing Dynasty,indicating a shift from the dominance of Yangming's school to the rising influence of Zhu Xi's school in the late Ming“Zhu-Wang Controversy”.It played a pioneering role in the revival of Zhu Xi's teachings in the early Qing period.