生物传感器技术在大肠杆菌内毒素检测中的应用进展

Application of biosensors in the detection of Escherichia coli endotoxin

内毒素是一种热源型毒素,对人体和动物健康产生严重危害。合成生物食品和发酵食品因易受微生物污染,从而导致内毒素污染愈发严重,目前传统检测方法为鲎试验法为主,但是存在检测时间长、效率低等问题,而生物传感器具有灵敏度高、检测速度快、成本低等优点,在内毒素检测领域被普遍应用。因食品中内毒素检测需求不断增大,对生物传感器的要求也在不断提高,通过适配体、肽、金纳米材料,碳纳米材料等制备成的生物传感器,其灵敏度、稳定性等得到极大提高。随着材料技术的不断进步,未来的生物传感器会逐渐向小型化,经济化,便携化发展。本文主要综述了生物传感器在内毒素检测领域的应用,为基于生物传感器检测大肠杆菌内毒素的研究提供一定的参考价值。

Endotoxin is a kind of pyrogenic toxin,which poses a serious risk to human and animal health.Synthetic biological foods and fermented foods are susceptible to microbial contamination,which leads to more and more serious endotoxin contamination.Currently,the traditional detection method is based on the horseshoe crab test method,but there are problems such as long detection time and low efficiency,while biosensors have the advantages of high sensitivity,fast detection speed and low cost,and are commonly used in the field of endotoxin detection.Due to the increasing demand for endotoxin detection in food,the requirements for biosensors are also increasing,and the sensitivity and stability of biosensors prepared by aptamers,peptides,gold nanomaterials,carbon nanomaterials,etc.have been greatly improved.With the continuous progress of material technology,the future biosensors will gradually develop towards miniaturization,economy and portability.This paper mainly reviewed the application of biosensors in the field of endotoxin detection,and provided some reference value for the research of Escherichia coli endotoxin detection based on biosensors.