淋巴瘤患者化疗期食欲现状调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of appetite status in patients with lymphoma during chemotherapy

目的探讨淋巴瘤患者化疗期的食欲情况及其影响因素。方法连续选择2020年12月至2021年8月福建医科大学附属协和医院收治的符合纳入标准的化疗期淋巴瘤患者103例, 对患者一般资料进行问卷调查, 并进行Karnofsky评分, 根据中文版肿瘤患者食欲症状问卷计算患者食欲得分。采用多元线性回归分析淋巴瘤化疗期患者食欲的影响因素, 采用Pearson相关性分析探讨患者Karnofsky评分与食欲得分的相关性。结果 103例淋巴瘤患者化疗期Karnofsky评分为(75±18)分, 食欲得分为(25.0±5.0)分。单因素分析结果显示, 年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、恶心呕吐、口腔黏膜破溃、牙龈感染、发热、咽喉部感染均为患者食欲得分的影响因素(均P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示, 患者年龄(B=-1.118, β=-0.187, P=0.016)、BMI(B=-2.047, β=-0.271, P=0.001)、恶心呕吐(B=-4.352, β=-0.411, P<0.001)均为食欲得分的独立影响因素。Karnofsky评分与食欲得分呈正相关(r=0.361, P<0.05)。结论对于年龄大、BMI低的淋巴瘤患者化疗期的食欲应特别关注, 并关注其恶心呕吐症状的出现, 有针对性地给予提高食欲的措施, 有助于改善患者营养水平和预后。

Objective To investigate the appetite of patients with lymphoma during chemotherapy and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 103 patients with lymphoma who underwent chemotherapy were sequentially selected in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from December 2020 to August 2021.The questionnaire survey was carried out by using general information and Karnofsky score was performed.Appetite score was calculated according to Chinese version of the appetite symptom questionnaire for cancer patients.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of appetite status of lymphoma patients during chemotherapy,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between Karnofsky score and appetite score of patients.Results For patients with lymphoma during chemotherapy,Karnofsky score was(75±18)scores and the appetite score was(25.0±5.0)scores.Univariate analysis showed that age,body mass index(BMI),nausea and vomiting,oral mucosa rupture,gum infection,fever,throat infection were influencing factors of appetite score of patients(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that patients'age(B=-1.118,β=-0.187,P=0.016),BMI(B=-2.047,β=-0.271,P=0.001),nausea and vomiting(B=-4.352,β=-0.411,P<0.001)were the independent influencing factors of appetite score.Correlation analysis showed that the Karnofsky score was positively correlated with appetite score(r=0.361,P<0.05).Conclusions Special attention should be paid to the appetite of elder lymphoma patients with lower BMI during chemotherapy,and nausea and vomiting should be paid more attention;targeted measures of increasing the patients'appetite could improve their nutritional level and prognosis.