大面积烧伤患者烧伤初期输血治疗的效果观察

Observation of the effect of blood transfusion in the early stage of extensive burn

目的分析烧伤初期输血治疗的具体方法,评估其在大面积烧伤患者中的效果。方法66例大面积烧伤患者,通过住院号奇偶数分为研究组(偶数)和对照组(奇数),每组33例。研究组实施烧伤初期输血治疗,对照组实施常规治疗。观察研究组不同时间点成分输血情况;比较两组患者治疗前后血常规指标[红细胞计数、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞比容(HCT)、血小板计数]及治疗效果、住院时间、合并感染发生率。结果治疗后,研究组患者血小板计数、HCT、Hb、红细胞计数分别为(125.42±2.03)×10^(9)/L、(0.43±0.11)、(100.53±2.03)g/L、(4.56±1.09)×10^(12)/L,均高于对照组的(95.25±2.24)×10^(9)/L、(0.29±0.12)、(88.05±2.05)g/L、(3.22±1.10)×10^(12)/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着时间的延长,研究组患者输注红细胞、血浆量逐渐增加,比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。烧伤后第7、14、21天,研究组患者输注血小板、冷沉淀量均较第3天明显增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者治疗总有效率为100.00%,高于对照组的81.82%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者住院时间(60.28±10.33)d短于对照组的(65.39±10.36)d,合并感染发生率0低于对照组的18.18%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论烧伤初期输血治疗大面积烧伤患者效果明显,患者血常规指标得到有效改善,感染发生率低,住院时间短,可积极推广。

Objective To analyze the specific methods of blood transfusion in the early stage of burn and evaluate its effect in patients with extensive burn.Methods A total of 66 patients with extensive burn were divided into research group(even number)and control group(odd number)by hospitalization number,with 33 cases in each group.The research group received blood transfusion in the early stage of burn,and the control group received routine treatment.The blood component transfusion at different time points was observed.Both groups were compared in terms of blood routine indexes[red blood cell count,hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),platelet count]before and after treatment,therapeutic effect,length of hospital stay,and incidence of co-infection.Results After treatment,the platelet count,HCT,Hb and red blood cell count were(125.42±2.03)×10^(9)/L,(0.43±0.11),(100.53±2.03)g/L and(4.56±1.09)×10^(12)/L in the research group,which were higher than those of(95.25±2.24)×10^(9)/L,(0.29±0.12),(88.05±2.05)g/L and(3.22±1.10)×10^(12)/L in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).With the extension of time,the amount of platelet and transfused cryoprecipitate gradually increased in the research group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the research group was 100.00%,which was higher than that of 81.82%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The length of hospital stay of(60.28±10.33)d in the research group was shorter than that of(65.39±10.36)d in the control group,and the incidence of co-infection of 0 was lower than that of 18.18%in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Blood transfusion in the early stage of extensive burn patients has obvious effect,which can effectively improve the blood routine indexes of patients,with low incidence of infection and short length of hospital stay,and can be actively promoted.