基于分步有限元法的110kV变压器振动与噪声研究

Research on Vibration and Noise of 110 kV Transformer Based on Staged Finite Element Method

为解决现有的变压器振动噪声仿真方法存在计算量过大、难以求解、对工程实际的参考价值较小的问题,文中提出一种基于Comsol Multiphysics有限元仿真软件的变压器振动噪声分步有限元仿真方法。首先,考虑硅钢片各向异性修正铁心材料参数,计算铁心在磁致伸缩效应影响下的形变仿真结果;其次,根据实际形态及彼此配合关系,考虑辐向油道,构建绕组、油箱、铁心和垫块的二维模型,获得绕组的振动仿真结果;最后,构建变压器整体三维模型,将铁心在磁致伸缩效应影响下的形变仿真结果以及绕组振动的形变结果引入声场仿真中,并将铁心、绕组的振动仿真结果作为边界条件,计算变压器本体振动噪声。该方法实现绕组微观结构与宏观结构之间的协同仿真,并在空、负载工况下均能同时考虑铁心及绕组振动的影响,仿真结果与试验结果对比,空载噪声A计权声压级误差小于5%,满足工程实际要求,负载噪声仿真结果与理论计算结果对比,误差小于8%,验证仿真方法的正确性。

For solving such problems as excessive calculation,difficult solution and little reference value for engi-neering practice of the vibration and noise simulation method of existing of transformer,a kind of staged finite ele-ment method of vibration and noise of transformer based on Comsol Multiphysics is proposed.Firstly,the material pa-rameters of the core are modified with consideration of the anisotropy of the silicon steel sheet,and the deformation simulation results of the core under the influence of magnetostrictive effect are calculated.Secondly,according to the actual configuration and mutual cooperation relationship,the two-dimensional model including winding,oil tank,core and pressboard is constructed with consideration of the radial oil channel,and the vibration simulation results of winding are obtained.Finally,the overall three-dimensional model of the transformer is constructed and simulation result of deformation and the deformation result of the winding vibration under the influence of magnetostrictive ef-fect of the core are introduced into the sound field simulation.The vibration simulation result of the core and winding are taken as the boundary condition to calculate the vibration noise of the transformer proper.This method realizes the co-simulation between the micro structure and macro structure of the winding,and can consider the influence of the core and winding vibration simultaneously under both no-load and load conditions.The simulation results are compared with the test results,the error of the A-weight sound pressure level of the no-load noise is less than 5%,which meets the actual engineering requirements.Moreover,the simulation result of load noise is compared with the theoreti-cal calculation result,the error is less than 8%,which verifies the correctness of the proposed simulation method.