单激励三维超声车削加工技术的实验研究

Experimental Study on Single-Excitation 3-D Ultrasonic Turning Technology

应用单激励三维超声辅助振动装置对三维超声车削技术的表面加工机理进行研究.首先通过建立刀尖的运动轨迹方程,设计了适用于三维超声切削的仿真模型,并设计了仿真正交实验,利用多重比较方差分析研究了三维超声车削过程中主轴转速、切削深度和进给量对表面形貌的影响.随后通过实验对比了三维超声车削与普通车削的表面加工质量,并就加工参数对三维超声车削的影响规律以及最优参数进行了研究.结果表明:相对于普通车削,三维超声车削可以得到更好的表面加工质量;进给量对表面粗糙度的影响最为显著;最优加工参数为主轴转速200r/min,切削深度0.12mm,进给量0.18mm/r.

The surface machining mechanism of 3-D ultrasonic turning technology is studied by using the single-excitation 3-D ultrasonic assisted vibration device.Firstly,the simulation model suitable for 3-D ultrasonic cutting is designed by establishing the trajectory equation of the tool tip,and the simulation orthogonal experiment is designed.The influence of spindle speed,cutting depth and feed rate on surface morphology in 3-D ultrasonic turning process is studied by the multiple comparative analyses of variance.Then,the surface processing quality of 3-D ultrasonic turning and ordinary turning is compared through experiments,and the influence of processing parameters on 3-D ultrasonic turning and the optimal parameters are studied.The results show that compared with ordinary turning,3-D ultrasonic turning can obtain better surface processing quality,and the influence of feed rate on surface roughness is the most significant.The optimal processing parameters are spindle speed 200r/min,cutting depth 0.12mm,and feed rate 0.18mm/r.