浅议马克思国家观的理论源起、内涵及当代启示

The Theoretical Origin,Connotation,and Contemporary Enlightenment of Marx’s National View

“国家”一直是马克思主义理论研究的重要课题,也是贯穿人类发展始终的基本问题。马克思以黑格尔关于市民与国家的结构关系为基础起点,理解国家与市民社会的矛盾,突破黑格尔法哲学的框架,深化市民社会的反伦理性质,定位市民社会与国家的建构性关系。追溯黑格尔的伦理国家观并探析马克思历史唯物主义的“国家逻辑”,通过对黑格尔和马克思国家理论的研究,在理论辨析中挖掘关于国家治理和建设的核心方法论,一方面为我国国家治理体系和治理能力现代化所要遵循的方向道路提供重要线索,另一方面有助于构建新型大国关系。

The question of the state has always been an important topic in the study of Marxist theory,and it is also a difficult problem in the history of human thought.Based on Hegel’s structural relationship between citizens and the state,Marx understood the contradiction between the state and civil society,broke through the framework of Hegel’s legal philosophy,deepened the antiethical nature of civil society,and positioned the constructive relationship between civil society and the state.Tracing Hegel’s ethical view of the state and exploring the“state logic”of Marx’s historical materialism,through the study of Hegel and Marx’s theory of state,the core methodology of state governance and construction is excavated in theoretical analysis,which provides important clues for the direction and path to be followed by the construction of contemporary Chinese socialist state governance.In order to inject nutrition into domestic and foreign security,political democracy and harmonious social development,promote domestic economic development and democratic construction,further promote Chinese-style major-country diplomacy,guard against the traps of Western“nation-states”,adhere to the establishment of a civilized Chinese state paradigm without wavering,and realize the return of the national governance system from the state to society.