中青年高血压患者体力活动现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of physical activity in young and middle-aged hypertensive patients

目的 调查分析中青年高血压患者体力活动现状及其影响因素,为制定干预措施提供参考。方法选取2021年3—9月在福州市2个社区卫生服务中心就诊或体检的中青年高血压患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、国际体力活动问卷长卷(IPQA)、锻炼自我效能量表对患者进行调查。结果 中青年高血压患者总体力活动量中位数为2852(1389,4391)MET-min/w,体力活动类型以家务为主。相关分析表明,锻炼自我效能与休闲时的活动及总体力活动水平呈正相关(P<0.01)。多元逐步线性回归结果表明,性别、文化程度、BMI、高血压病程以及是否常出现高血压相关症状是中青年高血压患者总体力活动水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 中青年高血压患者总体力活动水平高于其他慢性病患者,但仍需进一步加强。性别、BMI、文化程度、高血压病程、是否出现高血压相关症状是中青年高血压患者总体力活动水平的影响因素。

Objective To investigate and analyse the current status of physical activity and the influencing factors in young and middle-aged hypertensive patients,to provide reference for the development of intervention measures.Methods Young and middle-aged hypertensive patients who visited or had physical examination at two community health centres in Fuzhou from March to September 2021 were selected as the target population for the survey,and the patients were investigated by using a general information questionnaire,the International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPQA),and the Exercise Self-Effi cacy Scale(ESES).Results The median total physical activity of young and middle-aged hypertensive patients was 2852(1389,4391)MET-min/w,and the type of physical activity was dominated by housework.Correlation analyses showed that exercise self-effi cacy was positively correlated with activity at leisure and overall force activity level(P<0.01).Multiple stepwise linear regression results showed that gender,education level,BMI,duration of hypertension,and whether hypertensionrelated symptoms were frequently present were the main influencing factors of overall physical activity level in young and middle-aged hypertensive patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall physical activity level of young and middle-aged hypertensive patients were higher than the others chronic disease patients,but need to be strengthend.Gender,BMI,education level,duration of hypertension,whether had the hypertension-related symptons were the infl uencing factors of overall physical activity level of young and middled-aged hypertensive patients.