响应面法优化鹿茸菇液体菌种发酵配方

Response Surface Optimization of Medium Formulation for Culture of Lyophyllum decastes

【目的】以提高鹿茸菇液体菌种菌丝生物量为目的,通过优化液体菌种发酵配方,制备优良液体菌种,推动鹿茸菇工厂化生产快速发展。【方法】以鹿茸菇为研究材料,采用摇瓶培养方式,通过单因素设计分析6种碳源、8种氮源、10种金属离子对鹿茸菇菌丝生长的影响。采用Box-Behnken响应面法进一步优化单因素筛选出的碳源、氮源与金属离子,比较分析液体菌种与固体菌种应用于鹿茸菇生产的优劣性。【结果】适合鹿茸菇生长的营养要素分别为全麦粉、花生饼粉、KH2PO4与MgSO4·7H2O,营养要素间的最优配方为全麦粉47 g·L^(-1)、花生饼粉22g·L^(-1)、KH2PO42.00 g·L^(-1)、MgSO4·7H2O 2.00 g·L^(-1),当发酵培养至第8 d时,菌丝生物量达到最大值(32.81±1.10g·L^(-1)),以优化配方制备的鹿茸菇液体菌种菌丝生物量较初始配方提高了7.34倍。在生产试验中液体菌种较固体菌种,制种时间缩短48 d,菌丝萌发时间缩短2 d,单袋产量提高15.47%。【结论】本研究研发的液体菌种发酵配方可获得高质量的生产用种,以液体发酵方式制备鹿茸菇生产用种适合鹿茸菇工厂化生产。

【Objective】To improve the mycelium biomass of Lyophyllum decast liquid seeds,high-quality liquid seeds are prepared by optimizing the liquid fermentation formula,to promote the rapid development of industrial production of L.decastes mushrooms.【Methods】Taking L.decastes as the research material,the effects of 6 kinds of carbon sources,8 kinds of nitrogen sources,and 10 kinds of metal ions on the mycelium growth were analyzed by single-factor design.The carbon source,nitrogen source,and metal ions screened out by single-factor design were further optimized by the Box-Behnken response surface method,and the advantages and disadvantages of liquid seeds and solid seeds in the production of L.decastes mushrooms were compared.【Results】The nutritional elements suitable for the growth of L.decastes were whole wheat flour,peanut meal,K2HPO4,and MgSO4·7H2O,and the optimal formula was whole wheat flour 47 g·L−1,peanut meal 22 g·L−1,K2HPO42.00 g·L−1,MgSO4·7H2O 2.00 g·L−1.When the fermentation culture reached the 8th day,the dry cell mass(DCM)was 32.81±1.10 g·L−1.Compared with the DCM by the initial formula,the DCM prepared with the optimized formula was increased by 7.34 times.Compared with solid seeds,the production time of liquid seeds was shortened by 48 days,the time of mycelium germination was shortened by 2 days,and the yield per bag increased by 15.47%,in industrial production.【Conclusion】The liquid fermentation formula developed in this study can obtain high-quality production seeds,and the liquid fermentation strategy for the preparation of seeds is suitable for the industrial production of L.decastes mushrooms.