剖宫产产妇产后焦虑症的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of postpartum anxiety in women undergoing cesarean section

目的探讨全面实施一对夫妇可生育2个孩子政策出台后,剖宫产产妇产后焦虑症的危险因素。方法选取行择期剖宫产手术的154例产妇作为研究对象,于术前1日、术后第2日、术后6周收集其临床资料,于术前1日和术后6周对产妇进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)及爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评估。根据术后6周的SAS评分将产妇分为焦虑组和正常组,对2组的相关资料进行统计,分析焦虑症的危险因素。结果产妇术后24 h的活动疼痛、术后首次下床时间、拔除尿管时间、住院日数、产妇对产后恢复期(月子期)总体不满意与产后焦虑症相关,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,月子期总体不满意(OR=7.741,95%CI:3.612~16.591,P<0.001)是剖宫产产妇产后6周焦虑症的独立危险因素。结论剖宫产产妇产后6周焦虑症的发病率较高,提高产妇月子期的满意度,可降低产后焦虑症的发生率。

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of postpartum anxiety in women undergoing cesarean section after comprehensive implementation of the second child policy.Methods A total of 154 women undergoing elective cesarean section were selected.Maternal clinical data were collected at preoperative 1 d,postoperative 2 d and 6 weeks.Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS)were investigated at preoperative 1 d and postoperative 6 weeks.All parturients were divided into the anxiety group and normal group according to the SAS score at postoperative 6 weeks.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors of postpartum anxiety.Results The activity pain at postoperative 24 h,the time of first offbed activity after operation,the time of catheter removal,the length of hospital stay,maternal total dissatisfaction with postpartum recuperation period(doing the month)were significantly associated with postpartum anxiety(all P<0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the total dissatisfaction with postpartum recuperation period(doing the month)(OR=7.741,95%CI:3.612-16.591,P<0.001)was an independent risk factor for postpartum anxiety at 6 weeks after cesarean section.Conclusions The incidence of postpartum anxiety at postoperative 6 weeks is high in women undergoing cesarean section.Increasing maternal satisfaction with postpartum recuperation period can reduce the incidence of postpartum anxiety.