不同消毒剂对藜麦种子表面消毒效果和萌发影响综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of the effect of different disinfectants on the surface disinfection of quinoa seeds and their germination

为明确种子表面消毒剂对藜麦的效应,以青藜11号和青藜12号藜麦种子为实验材料,选择5种常用消毒剂(KMnO_(4)、H_(2) O_(2)、NaClO、HgCl 2和75%乙醇),配制不同浓度(0.1%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%和3%)和设置不同消毒时间(1、5、10、15、20、25和30 min),采用L 49(4^(1)×7^(2))正交试验,以种子萌发、幼苗生长、胚破裂率、异常发芽率和发霉率等为考察指标,综合分析不同消毒剂处理方法对藜麦种子的消毒效果和对种子萌发伤害。结果表明:消毒剂种类对藜麦种子消毒效果的差异较为明显,其中KMnO_(4)和NaCl_(O)的消毒效果较好,HgCl_(2)处理的藜麦种子污染率最小,但其对种子和幼苗的毒害作用较大,导致多数种子破裂和不正常发芽,不宜使用;H_(2) O_(2)处理对种子破坏较小,但消毒不彻底,污染率较高,达不到较为理想的消毒效果。依据隶属函数法筛选结果得出2.5%KMnO_(4)处理15 min为藜麦种子的最佳消毒方法。

To clarify the effect of seed surface disinfectants on quinoa,using Qingli No.11 and Qingli No.12 quinoa grains as experimental materials,five commonly used disinfectants(KMnO_(4),H_(2) O_(2),NaClO,HgCl 2 and 75%alcohol)were selected to prepare different concentrations(0.1%,0.5%,1%,1.5%,2%,2.5%and 3%)and set different disinfection time(1,5,10,15,20,25 and 30 min).L 49(41×72)orthogonal experiment was used to investigate the seed germination,seedling growth,embryo rupture rate,abnormal germination rate and moldy rate.The disinfection effect of different disinfectants treatment methods on quinoa seeds was comprehensively analyzed.The results showed that the types of disinfectants had obvious effects on the disinfection effect of quinoa seeds.Among them,KMnO_(4) and NaCl_(O) had better disinfection effects.The quinoa seeds treated with HgCl_(2) had the least pollution rate,but it had a greater toxic effect on seeds and seedlings,causing most seeds to break and germinate abnormally,and should not be used.H_(2) O_(2) treatment has less damage to the seeds,but the pollution rate is high,and the ideal disinfection effect cannot be achieved.According to the screening results of membership function method,it was concluded that 2.5%KMnO_(4) treatment for 15 min was the best disinfection method for quinoa seeds.