2017-2021年河北省居民传染病防治素养水平变化趋势及影响因素

The trend of health literacy on infectious disease prevention and its influencing factors among residents in Hebei province,2017-2021

目的了解2017-2021年河北省居民传染病防治素养水平变化趋势及影响因素,为制定相关政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层、多阶段、PPS与简单随机相结合的抽样方法,每年从全省抽取28个县(区),对抽中县(区)的常住居民进行入户问卷调查。统计分析方法采用描述性分析、χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析。结果2017-2021年河北省居民传染病防治素养水平分别为18.49%、18.01%、22.62%、29.68%和29.36%,随年份波动上升,5年累计增长量为10.87%,平均增长速度为12.25%;河北省不同人口特征居民在5年间传染病防治素养水平均有不同程度提升,农村居民、男性、65~69岁居民、小学及以下文化程度居民的5年累计增长量较大且增速较快。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、年龄、性别是河北省居民传染病防治素养水平的主要影响因素。结论河北省居民传染病防治素养水平呈现出随年份波动上升的趋势,仍有提升空间,需进一步针对老年人、低文化程度者、男性等重点人群及薄弱环节采取积极的干预措施。

Objective To investigate the trend of infectious disease prevention and control literacy and its influencing factors among residents in Hebei province from 2017 to 2021,and to provide a basis for follow-up development of relevant measures.Methods By using stratified multi-stage simple random method and PPS sampling method,the residents of 28 counties/districts were extracted from Hebei province every year.A questionnaire survey was conducted among selected permanent residents.Descriptive analysis,χ^(2) test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results From 2017 to 2021,the levels of infectious disease prevention and control were 18.49%,18.01%,22.62%,29.68%and 29.36%,respectively.The five year cumulative growth rate was 10.87%and the average growth rate was 12.25%.The levels of infectious disease prevention and control literacy of residents with different population characteristics in Hebei province had been improved year by year in the past 5 years.The cumulative growth rates of rural residents,males,residents aged 65-69,and residents with primary school education or below in 5 years were larger and faster.Gender,education level and age were the main factors affecting the literacy level of the residents in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Conclusions The level of literacy of infectious disease prevention in Hebei province has been fluctuation rise year by year,but it is still low.It is necessary to focus on the elderly,the population with lower educational level and male as the key intervention group in health promotion work.