2019-2021年北京市房山区0~14岁儿童伤害病例监测分析

Analysis on injury prevalence among children aged 0-14 years old in Fangshan district of Beijing,2019-2021

目的了解北京市房山区0~14岁儿童伤害病例分布特点,为制定相应的预防控制措施提供相应的依据。方法收集并分析2019-2021年在房山区伤害监测哨点医院首次就诊的0~14岁儿童伤害病例。结果2019-2021年房山区伤害监测哨点医院共报告0~14岁儿童伤害病例23479例,其中男童占60.6%,女童占39.4%。7月、6月和9月的伤害病例比例较高,占全年的30.5%。伤害发生地点构成比例前三位为家中(66.1%)、学校与公共场所(13.4%)和公共居住场所(9.7%)。跌倒/坠落(53.3%)是造成伤害的首因,其次是动物伤(16.4%)、钝器伤(9.6%)。伤害性质构成比例前三位为锐器/咬伤/开放伤(34.8%)、扭伤/拉伤(26.6%)和挫伤/擦伤(24.8%)。常见的伤害发生部位为上肢(35.7%)、头部(34.9%)和下肢(19.3%)。轻伤占97.7%,中度伤占2.1%,重度伤占0.2%。结论跌倒/坠落、动物伤和钝器伤是房山区0~14岁儿童伤害的主要原因,社会、家庭和学校应针对不同的伤害类型开展相应的干预和健康教育。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of injury cases among children aged 0-14 years old in Fangshan district of Beijing,and to provide basis for making targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Data of injury case who was child aged 0-14 years old and was treated for the first time in surveillance sentinel hospitals from 2019 to 2021 were collected and analyzed.Results From 2019 to 2010,a total of 23479 children aged 0-14 years were reported,of whom 60.6%were boys and 39.4%were girls.The proportion of injury cases in July,June and September was higher,accounting for 30.5%of the whole year.The top three places of injury were home(66.1%),school and public places(13.4%)and public places(9.7%).Fall(53.3%)was the first cause of injury,followed by animal injury(16.4%)and blunt force injury(9.6%).The top three kinds of wound were sharp instrument/bite/open injury(34.8%),sprain/pull injury(26.6%)and contusion/abrasion(24.8%).The common injury sites were upper limbs(35.7%),head(34.9%)and lower limbs(19.3%).97.7%of the patients were minor injury,2.1%moderate injury and 0.2%severe injury.Conclusions Falls,animal injuries and blunt injuries are the main causes of injuries to children aged 0-14 in Fangshan district.The society,families and schools should carry out corresponding intervention and health education for different types of injuries.