直接电解海水制氢面临的挑战与解决策略

Challenges and solutions of directly seawater electrolysis-for hydrogen generation

氢气具有清洁、高效、无污染等特点,是最具应用前景的新能源之一。相比其他制氢方式,电解水制氢是一种较为理想的制氢方式。由于淡水资源匮乏,直接海水电解制氢不仅可以避免对沿海地区淡水资源的消耗,还可以提升海上风电的利用率,这使其成为研究热点。然而,海水成分的复杂性大大增加了直接海水电解制氢的技术难度。文章首先总结了直接海水电解制氢所使用的析氧电极和析氢电极面临的问题,然后分别介绍了相对应的解决策略,最后对其发展前景进行了展望。

Hydrogen is one of the most promising new energy sources due to its clean,efficient and non-polluting characteristics.At present,water electrolysis is an ideal hydrogen production method compared with other hydrogen production methods.However,due to the shortage of fresh water resources,directly seawater electrolysis for hydrogen generation can not only avoid the consumption of fresh water resources in coastal areas by water electrolysis,but also increase the utilization rate of offshore wind power,which has attracted much attention.However,the complexity of seawater increases the technical difficulty of directly seawaterelectrolysis.This article systematically introduces the challenges and solutions faced by the anode and cathode of directly seawater electrolysis for hydrogen generation.Furthermore,recommendations for subsequent study in this research field have been proposed.