杭州市成年居民营养健康知识调查

Investigation on nutrition and health knowledge among adult residents in Hangzhou City

目的了解杭州市成年居民营养健康知识知晓水平,为促进人群营养健康提供依据。方法于2021年6—7月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取杭州市13个县(市、区)18~64岁常住居民为调查对象,采用《中国成年居民营养健康知识问卷》收集一般人口学信息和营养健康知识知晓情况,分析不同人口学特征居民的营养健康知识知晓率。结果发放问卷5106份,回收有效问卷4920份,回收有效率为96.36%。调查男性2575人,占52.34%;女性2345人,占47.66%。年龄为(39.89±12.85)岁。营养健康知识得分M(QR)为67.50(16.50)分,知晓率为24.49%;膳食推荐、食物特点、营养与疾病、食物选择和食品安全5个维度的知晓率分别为15.89%、16.77%、54.17%、26.36%和60.69%。男性营养健康知识知晓率为21.01%,低于女性的28.32%(P<0.05)。农村居民营养健康知识知晓率为27.34%,高于城市居民的22.94%(P<0.05)。不同年龄、职业、文化程度居民营养健康知识知晓率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论杭州市成年居民营养健康知识知晓率与年龄、性别、地区、职业和文化程度有关,应针对不同人群特点加强营养健康教育。

Objective To investigate the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge among adult residents in Hangzhou City,so as to provide insights into improving human nutrition and health.Methods The permanent residents at ages of 18 to 64 years were sampled using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method from 13 counties(districts)of Hangzhou City from June to July,2021.Participants'demographics and awareness of nutrition and health knowledge were collected using the Questionnaire on Nutrition and Health Knowledge among Chinese Adult Residents,and the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge was analyzed among participants with different demographic features.Results A total of 5106 questionnaires were allocated,and 4920 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 96.36%.The respondents included 2575 men(52.34%)and 2345 women(47.66%),and had a mean age of(39.89±12.85)years.The median score of nutrition and health knowledge was 67.50(interquartile range,16.50)points,and the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge was 24.49%,while the awareness of dietary recommendation,food characteristics,nutrition and disease,food choice and food safety was 15.89%,16.77%,54.17%,26.36%and 60.69%,respectively.The awareness of nutrition and health knowledge was significantly lower among men than among women(21.01%vs.28.32%,P<0.05),and among urban residents than among rural residents(22.94%vs.27.34%,P<0.05).There were significant differences in the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge among residents in terms of age,occupation and educational level(P<0.05).Conclusions Age,gender,region,occupation and educational level may affect the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge among adult residents in Hangzhou City.Health education about nutrition and health knowledge requires to be reinforced with adaptations to characteristics of residents.